臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

木材防腐劑、農藥、落葉劑、除草劑的使用，造成2,4-二氯酚污染土壤及地下水，進而影響人們的生活，因此2,4-二氯酚被選為本次實驗的目標污染物。生物處理法符合經濟成本效益，為現今常使用之整治工法。利用添加微生物所需的營養強化本身的代謝能力進而將污染物破壞分解，達到從環境中轉化的目的。
本研究利用連續式進料厭氧產氫醱酵槽產出之Nitrogen-fixing Microbiome (NMB)，根據本研究室過去研究證實NMB 本身具有氮還原硫氧化反應的特性，其中氮還原能將2,4-二氯酚分解，但2,4-二氯酚會抑制內部氮還原導致分解效果較差，因此本次研究根據生物處理法中的生物刺激(Biostimulation)及反應曲面法(Response surface methodology, RSM)進行設計，分為以下3點: (1)碳水化合物對NMB分解2,4-DCP之影響；(2)碳水化合物的添加對NMB分解2,4-二氯酚的最佳化；(3)碳水化合物對NMB 分解2,4-二氯酚的反應機制。
研究結果顯示NMB受到碳水化合物刺激，使微生物活化並大量產生氣體，內部產生氮還原硫氧化的循環，氮還原部分產生能量將2,4-二氯酚分解，在液相離子層析儀(IC)分析中發現當2,4-二氯酚被分解時氯離子的濃度會先增加後減少，代表氯離子在釋放後又被其他物質利用。透過反應曲面法規劃實驗設計，經過10組不同濃度組合的實驗2,4-二氯酚濃度範圍為40 mg/L至110 mg/L，碳水化合物濃度範圍為400 mg/L至1100 mg/L，經由反應曲面法和多變量分析得出2,4-二氯酚、碳水化合物與分解效率函數並繪製等高線圖，等高線圖呈現山谷型，於谷底分解效果最差，由圖得知蔗糖: 875 mg/L~1100 mg/L、2,4-二氯酚 : 40 mg/L~50 mg/L此範圍分解效果最好，經由參數的t檢定檢視兩者之間關係強度，得出碳水化合物在此反應中扮演腳色為啟動者。

The use of wood preservatives, pesticides, defoliants and herbicides caused 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) to contaminate soil and groundwater, which in turn affected people's lives. Therefore, 2,4-dichlorophenol was selected as the target pollution for this experiment. Things. The biological treatment method is economically cost-effective and is a rectification method commonly used today. The nutrients required for the addition of microorganisms are used to strengthen the metabolic capacity of the microorganisms, thereby destroying and decomposing the pollutants, thereby achieving the purpose of transformation from the environment.
In this study, Nitrogen-fixing Microbiome (NMB) produced by continuous feed anaerobic hydrogen production tank was used. According to past experiments in this laboratory, NMB itself has the characteristics of nitrogen reduction sulfur oxidation reaction, in which nitrogen reduction energy will be 2,4. - DCP decomposes, but 2,4-DCP inhibits internal nitrogen reduction and causes poor decomposition. Therefore, this experiment is based on Biostimulation and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in the biological method. The design is divided into the following three points: (1) the effect of carbohydrate on NMB decomposition of 2,4-DCP; (2) the addition of carbohydrate to the optimization of NMB decomposition of 2,4-DCP; The reaction mechanism of carbohydrates on NMB decomposition of 2,4-DCP.
The results indicate that NMB is stimulated by carbohydrates, activates microorganisms and produces a large amount of gas, internally generates a cycle of nitrogen reduction sulfur oxidation, and the nitrogen reduction part generates energy to decompose 2,4-DCP, in liquid phase ion chromatography (IC). The analysis found that when the 2,4-DCP is decomposed, the concentration of chloride ions increases first and then decreases, which means that the chloride ions are used by other substances after release. The experimental design was planned by the reaction surface method. The concentration of 2,4-DCP ranged from 40 mg/L to 110 mg/L after 10 groups of different concentration combinations, and the concentration range of carbohydrates ranged from 400 mg/L to 1100 mg/L. Through the reaction surface method and multivariate analysis, the 2,4-DCP, carbohydrate and decomposition efficiency functions are obtained and the contour map is drawn. The contour map shows the valley type, and the decomposition effect is the worst at the bottom. The sugar can be seen from the graph: 875 mg/L~1100 mg/L, 2,4-DCP: 40 mg/L~50 mg/L This range has the best decomposition effect. The relationship between the two is checked by the parameter t test to obtain the carbohydrate. In this reaction, the role is the initiator.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 IV
目錄 i
表目錄 iii
圖目錄 iv
前言 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 3
第二章、文獻回顧 4
2.1 氯酚的危害及來源 4
2.1.1 氯酚的危害 4
2.1.2 氯酚來源與應用 5
2.1.3 氯酚類管制標準 6
2.2 氯酚生物降解的途徑 7
2.2.1 好氧菌共代謝 8
2.2.2 還原性脫氯 9
2.3 生物處理法及應用 10
2.3.1 生物刺激法 10
2.3.2 氮還原硫氧化菌 12
2.4 基質與產物對細胞抑制的反應動力學 14
2.4.1 米-門二氏動力學(Michaelis-Menten kinetics) 14
2.4.2 摩那方程式(Monod Equation) 16
第三章、材料與方法 18
3.1 實驗規劃 18
3.2 實驗方法 20
3.2.1試程一：碳水化合物對NMB分解2,4-二氯酚之可行性 20
3.2.2試程二：最佳化碳水化合物與2,4-二氯酚於NMB的配比 22
3.3 數據整理 25
3.3.1 多變量分析 25
3.3.2 大數據與抑制反應動力分析 27
3.4 實驗材料 28
3.5 水質檢驗方法 31
第四章、結果與討論 36
4.1 碳水化合物對NMB分解2,4-二氯酚之可行性 36
4.1.1 碳水化合物的強度對NMB分解2,4-二氯酚的影響 36
4.1.2 小結 47
4.2 碳水化合物的添加對NMB分解2,4-二氯酚的最佳化 48
4.2.1 最佳化2,4-二氯酚與碳水化合物的配比 48
4.2.2 碳水化合物於反應中所扮演的腳色 64
4.2.3 NMB與2,4-二氯酚的抑制型態 66
第五章、結論與建議 68
5.1 結論 68
5.2 建議 69
第六章、參考文獻 70

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