臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

燃燒界限常用來評估可燃性氣體與蒸氣是否會產生火災爆炸的指標，而文獻上受到溫度及壓力影響下的燃燒界限資料較為不足，若只考慮燃燒界限受到一種因素下的安全設計可能會導致火災爆炸，因此掌握溫度與壓力效應下的研究是必要的。故本研究採用5升爆炸玻璃球並使用丙烯及丙烷作為可燃性氣體，改變其操作溫度及壓力進行實驗並探討燃燒界限受溫度及壓力效應下之影響。
本研究使用2016年廖等人之溫度預測模式探討負壓下可燃性氣體的溫度效應，研究結果發現此溫度預測模型也適用於負壓情況，而丙烷及丙烯隨著溫度上升而使燃燒範圍變寬，當壓力下降低於0.5atm時燃燒界限會明顯變窄，且不管是壓力還是溫度效應變化幅度以上限最為明顯，這與先前文獻有一致的情形，此研究除了具有學術價值外，還能應用在工業安全設計和降低可燃性物質在操作、儲存上的火災爆炸風險。

Flammability limits are properties frequently used to evaluate the fire and explosion hazards of gases and vapors. The study of flammability limit at temperature and pressure is rare. If only consider one factor may resulted in a fire and explosion. Thus, it is necessary investigated the flammability limits effect by temperature and pressure. In this study investigated the sub-atmospheric pressure and temperature effect for Propylene, Propane.
In this study, it will used model (H. J. Liaw, 2016) for flammable gases. In the result of experiment, this model can used to predicting temperature and sub-atmospheric effect on flammability limits. The results showed that when the initial temperature raise up the flammability zone become wide. When the initial pressures decreases below 0.5atm the, flammability range of propylene, propane decreased as the initial pressure decreased obviously, the variation of UFL with pressure or temperature is much significant than LFL. In addition to academic values, this result can be applied in the inherent safety design of real process, and can reduce the risk of fire and explosion in normal operation, storage of flammable gases.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
符號說明 IX
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
第一節 名詞介紹 3
2.1.1 燃燒界限 3
2.1.2 輻射熱損失 4
2.1.3 完全燃燒 4
2.1.4 不完全燃燒 4
第二節 燃燒界限測定標準 5
2.2.1 過壓測試 5
2.2.2 目視觀察法 5
第三節 燃燒界限影響因子 7
2.3.1 反應容器大小 8
2.3.2 點火源 8
2.3.3 火焰傳播方向 9
2.3.4 溫度 9
2.3.5 壓力 10
第四節 溫度相關研究文獻 11
2.4.1 2011年 S. Kondo的溫度研究 11
2.4.2 H. F. Coward和G. W. Jones的溫度研究 13
2.4.3 預測溫度效應影響燃燒界限模型 14
第五節 負壓相關研究文獻 14
2.5.1 H. F. Coward和G. W. Jones的負壓研究[3] 14
2.5.2 H. Le、Y. Liu、S. Nayak和M. S. Mannan的負壓研究 15
2.5.3 C. J. Coronado et al.的負壓研究 18
第六節 燃燒界限預測模式 21
2.6.1 預測燃燒界限的經驗式 21
2.6.2 M. Zabetakis之預測模式 22
2.6.3 Vanderstraeten方程式 23
第七節 預測溫度效應下燃燒界限的影響之模型 23
2.7.1 能量平衡方程式 24
2.7.2 輻射熱損失 24
2.7.3 燃燒下限 24
2.7.4 燃燒上限 26
2.7.5 火焰溫度 29
第三章 研究方法與材料 30
第一節 實驗方法 30
3.1.1 實驗材料 30
3.1.2 儀器設備 31
3.1.3 實驗步驟 38
3.1.4 燃燒界限判定標準 39
3.1.5 燃燒界限計算方式 40
第四章 結果與討論 41
第一節 實驗儀器之驗證 41
4.1.1 常溫常壓 41
第二節 溫度預測模式 43
4.2.1 輻射熱損失 43
4.2.2 熱容量公式參數 43
第三節 溫度預測模式實驗結果 45
4.3.1 溫度影響之燃燒界限 45
4.3.2 溫度預測模式在負壓下之燃燒界限 46
第四節 溫度與壓力影響之實驗結果 49
4.4.1 丙烷燃燒界限 49
4.4.2 丙烯燃燒界限 52
第五節 重合 55
第五章 結論 56
第六章 參考文獻 57

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