摘要...........................................................................i
Abstract......................................................................iv
誌謝.........................................................................vii
目錄........................................................................viii
表目錄......................................................................xiii
圖目錄........................................................................xv
第一章 緒論.....................................................................1
1-1 研究動機...................................................................1
1-2 研究目的及內容..............................................................2
第二章 文獻回顧.................................................................4
2-1 高級氧化處理法..............................................................4
2-1.1 光催化法(Photocatalysis).................................................4
2-1.2 過一硫酸氫鉀(persulfate)..................................................5
2-1.3 過氧化氫(Hydrogen Peroxide)..............................................5
2-2 磺胺甲噁唑(SMX)............................................................6
2-3 層狀雙氫氧化物(LDHs).......................................................11
2-3.1 LDHs觸媒整理............................................................11
2-3.2 LDHs添加PMS整理.........................................................16
2-3.3 LDHs添加H2O2整理........................................................17
2-4 二氧化鈦..................................................................19
2-4.1 二氧化鈦之簡介...........................................................19
2-4.2 二氧化鈦光催化原理.......................................................19
2-4.3 LDHs複合二氧化鈦觸媒整理.................................................21
2-5 奈米碳管..................................................................24
2-5.1 奈米碳管之簡介...........................................................24
2-5.2 LDHs複合奈米碳管觸媒整理.................................................24
第三章 實驗方法...............................................................29
3-1 研究架構..................................................................29
3-2 藥品與儀器................................................................34
3-3 觸媒命名及實驗流程.........................................................37
3-3.1 觸媒之命名..............................................................37
3-3.2 觸媒合成流程............................................................39
3-4 物性分析..................................................................59
3-4.1 紫外-可見光光譜儀(Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy, UV-Vis)..............59
3-4.2 X 射線光電子能譜(X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, XPS)..................59
3-4.3 X光繞射分析儀(X-Ray Diffraction, XRD)....................................60
3-4.4 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)......................60
3-4.5 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope, TEM)..................60
3-4.6 光激螢光光譜儀(Photoluminescence, PL)....................................61
3-4.7 比表面積分析儀(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, BET)..............................61
3-4.8 感應耦合電漿發射光譜儀(Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry,ICP-OES).........................................................62
3-4.9 粒徑分析儀(Particle Size Analyzer).......................................63
3-4.10 界達電位(Zeta Potential)...............................................63
3-4.11 熱重分析儀(Thermal gravity Analysis, TGA)...............................63
3-4.12 高效液相層析儀(High Performance Liquid Chromatography, HPLC)............64
3-4.13 總有機碳分析儀((Total Organic Carbon Analysis, TOC).....................65
3-4.14 微波消化器(Microwave Digestion).........................................66
3-5 光催化活性實驗.............................................................66
3-5.1 暗吸附實驗...............................................................69
3-5.2 紫外光催化實驗...........................................................69
3-5.3 可見光催化實驗...........................................................69
3-5.4 pH 效應實驗.............................................................70
3-5.5 活性物種捕捉實驗.........................................................70
3-5.6 重複使用性實驗...........................................................70
3-5.7 金屬溶出試驗.............................................................71
3-5.8 太陽光催化實驗...........................................................71
3-5.9 反應動力學模擬...........................................................71
第四章 實驗結果................................................................72
4-1 觸媒樣品粉末說明...........................................................72
4-2 表面特性分析...............................................................73
4-2.1 晶相分析................................................................73
4-2.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析.....................................................91
4-2.3 穿透式電子顯微鏡分析.....................................................96
4-2.4 比表面積分析...........................................................101
4-2.5 電子-電洞再結合率分析...................................................103
4-2.6 表面電性分析...........................................................105
4-2.7 觸媒光譜吸收範圍及能隙值鑑定.............................................106
4-2.8 元素組成與鍵結分析......................................................108
4-2.9 觸媒熱重損失分析........................................................122
4-3 光催化活性實驗............................................................124
4-3.1 Zn-Fe LDHs觸媒之合成方法測試............................................124
4-3.2 Zn2Fe1, Zn3Fe1及Zn4Fe1之光催化實驗結果..................................126
4-3.3 Zn3Fe1光觸媒最佳條件測試................................................130
4-3.5 Zn3Fe1添加H2O2之光催化實驗..............................................137
4-3.6 Zn3Fe1添加PMS之光催化實驗...............................................139
4-3.7 Zn3Fe1/T改質觸媒之光催化實驗............................................141
4-3.8 Zn3Fe1/C改質觸媒之光催化實驗............................................146
4-3.9 pH效應實驗.............................................................150
4-3.10 溫度效應實驗...........................................................152
4-3.11 重複再使用實驗.........................................................153
4-3.12 金屬溶出分析...........................................................154
4-3.13 活性物種捕捉實驗.......................................................156
4-3.14 觸媒光催化反應動力學模擬................................................158
4-3.15 太陽光實驗.............................................................159
4-4 光觸媒催化反應機制........................................................161
4-5 光催化反應實驗後之表面分析.................................................163
4-5.1 反應後觸媒之晶相分析....................................................163
4-5.2 反應後觸媒之掃描式電子顯微鏡分析.........................................165
4-5.3 反應後觸媒之穿透式電子顯微鏡分析.........................................165
4-5.4 反應後觸媒之元素組成與鍵結分析...........................................166
4-5.5 反應後觸媒之比表面積分析.................................................170
第五章 結論與建議.............................................................172
5-1 結論.....................................................................172
5-2 建議.....................................................................173
參考文獻.....................................................................174

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