臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

資產管理一直以來乃為企業對於其相關人、物、料等資產之狀態掌握與管理的 一項重要課題。資產管理議題亦不僅是企業治理範疇，也成為降低成本增加獲利必 須採取的重要營運環節。資產管理不確實所可能導致之庫存數量的錯誤、設備和原 物料所在位置及數量無法掌握，更將可能為公司及企業帶來更大的損失，從而加劇 管理疏失並增加企業之經營成本等負面影響;另一方面，也隨著倉儲、生產等規模 不斷地擴張，導致了傳統資產管理所需之人力成本也隨之增長。因而開始有各方專 家及企業開始思考如何導入資訊化管理來增進管理效益。
雖然對於上述之管理問題，可透過制訂作業流程與規範來加以改善。但在全球 化之浪潮下，越來越多的企業也面臨因各國文化、民情等之迥異，而使作業流程與 規範之成效不彰。因此本研究既於越南經營事業之台商為個案，針對台商於越南廠 房中所面臨的資產管理議題來進行各面向探討。本研究提出多種不同情境下之資 產管理方案:藉由導入現有成熟且成本合理之物聯網技術來達成減少人力管理成 本與即時掌握物料之目標。
本研究除了探討上述的不同情境資產管理方案外，同時亦針對技術成熟且具 有成本優勢之藍牙信標方案作為場域測試之實例:將追蹤器其導入工廠車間台車 上，透過後臺的雲端管理系統來管理追蹤台車之所在位置，達到增進管理效益之目 的，並透過實驗結果得知此應用可達到管理的效益，不僅可以隨時掌握台車位置以 節省找尋時間，也能得知資產精確數量。

Asset management has always been important for the enterprises to grasp and manage the status of their related assets such as people, things, and materials. Asset management issues are not only the scope of enterprise governance, but also an essential operational link that must be taken to reduce costs and increase profits. Inaccuracies in asset management may lead to errors in inventory, and inability to grasp the location and quantity of equipment and raw materials, which may result in greater losses to the company and enterprise, thereby exacerbating management negligence and increasing the enterprise’s operating costs and other negative effects. Costs required for traditional asset management have also increased with the continuous expansion of warehousing, production and other scales, the labor. Hence the experts and enterprises from all walks of life got to thinking about introduction of informatization management to increase management efficiency.
The operating procedures and specifications can be applied to improve the above- mentioned management problems; however, more and more enterprises are also facing the ineffectiveness of operating procedures and specifications due to different cultures and folk customs in different countries under the wave of globalization. The research subject was the Taiwanese businessmen operating in Vietnam, and the various aspects of the asset management issues faced by Taiwanese businessmen in Vietnamese factories were discussed. This study proposed asset management programs in a variety of different scenarios: the existing mature technologies of Internet of Things with reasonable cost were introducing to achieve the goal of reducing manpower management costs and real-time control of materials.
In addition to the above discussion on asset management programs in different scenarios, this study also focused on the technologically mature and cost-effective Bluetooth beacon program as an example of field testing: the tracker was imported on the dolly in factory machine shop. Through the backstage cloud management system, the location of the dolly was managed and tracked, to achieve the purpose of improving management efficiency, and through the experimental results it is known that this application can achieve management benefits. Not only can the location of the dolly be grasped at any time to save seek time, but also the precise amount of assets can be known.

摘要................................................................................................................................... I
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... II
目錄................................................................................................................................ IV
圖目錄............................................................................................................................ VI
表目錄 ........................................................................................................................... VII
第一章 緒論.....................................................................................................................1
1.1. 研究背景與動機 .................................................................................................................. 1
1.2. 研究目的................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3. 研究範圍與限制 .................................................................................................................. 3
1.4. 研究流程................................................................................................................................. 4
第二章 相關文獻.............................................................................................................5
2.1. 室內定位................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.1 NFC...................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.2 超寬頻................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.3 Wi-Fi.................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.4 低功耗藍牙 ....................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.5 藍牙 Beacon......................................................................................................................7
2.1.6 LoRa .................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1.7 行動物聯網 ....................................................................................................................... 8
2.1.8 全球定位系統 .................................................................................................................. 9
2.2. 即時定位系統(REAL-TIME LOCATION SYSTEM, RTLS) ......................................... 10
2.2.1 到達角度(Angle-of-Arrival, AOA) ......................................................................... 10
2.2.2 到達時間(Time Of Arrival, TOA) ........................................................................... 11
2.2.3 到達時間差(Time Difference 0f Arrival, TDOA)............................................... 12
2.2.4 接收訊號強度(Received Signal Strength, RSS) ................................................. 13
2.3. 企業資產管理 ..................................................................................................................... 14
第三章 系統單元與應用情境.......................................................................................18
3.1. 基礎架構設計 ..................................................................................................................... 18
3.2. 系統單元............................................................................................................................... 18
3.2.1. 電子標籤.......................................................................................................................... 18
3.2.2. 定位方法.......................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.3. 掃描器裝置 ..................................................................................................................... 26
3.2.4. 雲端鏈結網路 ................................................................................................................ 27
3.2.5. 雲端處理系統 ................................................................................................................ 28
3.3. 應用情境設定及探討....................................................................................................... 28
3.3.1. 資產盤點.......................................................................................................................... 29
3.3.2. 自動盤點.......................................................................................................................... 29
3.3.3. 倉庫巡邏與員工出勤查核 ........................................................................................ 30
3.3.4. 設備找尋事件 ................................................................................................................ 31
3.3.5. 設備遺失事件 ................................................................................................................ 33
3.3.6. 物流追蹤.......................................................................................................................... 35
3.3.7. 電子圍籬.......................................................................................................................... 36
3.4. 應用與系統單元對比....................................................................................................... 37
第四章 實際需求與綜合分析.......................................................................................38
4.1. 實際應用說明及測試說明 ............................................................................................. 38
4.2. 測試結果............................................................................................................................... 40
4.3. 延伸探討............................................................................................................................... 41
4.3.1. 出勤紀錄.......................................................................................................................... 42
4.3.2. 人員走動紀錄 ................................................................................................................ 45
4.3.3. 物流追蹤.......................................................................................................................... 45
第五章 結論與未來展望...............................................................................................48
5.1. 研究結論............................................................................................................................... 48
5.2. 未來與展望.......................................................................................................................... 49
參考文獻 ......................................................................................................................... 50

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