厭氧氨氧化(Anaerobic ammonium oxidation, Anammox)是一種新穎的生物處理技術，用於在缺氧及厭氧條件下將氨氮轉化為氮氣，此技術相較於傳統硝化脫硝更能節省能源及成本。然而生存條件嚴苛的Anammox 菌群，其增殖率和比生長速率相當低，優點為污泥產量非常少，可降低污泥處置等後續問題，但同時也是項缺點，由於生長速率相當低，因此要如何有效取得厭氧氨氧化微生物群仍然是學者關注的一項問題。
本研究預計將NMB污泥以及Anammox污泥進行混合植種，盡可能減少Anammox菌群的使用量，但也能展現出除氮的功效進而解決Anammox菌群生長緩慢而不足供應於實廠操作的窘境。
在預期研究中，將從生活污水處理廠得到的厭氧氨氧化微生物植種至1升上流式固定床反應槽中。實驗結果顯示，該反應槽經馴養後可將濃度為250 mg/L的氨氮去除達95%。
另一方面，130升上流式固定床反應槽植種了從厭氧生物製氫過程中產製的固氮微生物群（Nitrogen-fixing Microbiome，NMB），反應槽依次加入氨氮120至750 mg/L，而出流液測得的氨氮約為371 mg/L，其去除率約50%，雖然去除率不盡理想，但能從中觀察到氨氮濃度減少的趨勢。
根據上敘得到的初步結果進行後續之批次實驗，將NMB及Anammox污泥混合植種，利用不同的污泥體積比進行實驗，而啟動時氨氮及亞硝酸鹽氮濃度依等比例分別為25至125mg/L及33至165mg/L，共5組實驗，試驗時間為6天，觀察其中之氨氮的去除率。
實驗結果顯示出當NMB及Anammox污泥混合比例為2：1，而起始氨氮濃度為25 mg/L時，氮去除率為最佳，其氨氮去除率為96%，根據實驗得到的結果，應用反應動力學分析計算出啟動時氨氮及亞硝酸鹽氮最佳的添加濃度約為10.4及 360.0 mg/L，其最大的反應速率為5.16及30.0 mg N/g MLVSS*day。

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is a novel biological treatment technology used to convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen under anoxic and anaerobic conditions. This technology saves energy and costs compared to traditional nitrification and denitrification. However, the Anammox flora with severe living conditions has a relatively low proliferation rate and specific growth rate. The advantage is that the sludge production is very small, which can reduce the subsequent problems such as sludge disposal, but it is also a disadvantage. Because the growth rate is relatively low, How to effectively obtain the anaerobic ammonium oxidation microbial community is still a concern of scholars.
This study is expected to mix NMB sludge and Anammox sludge to minimize the use of Anammox flora, but it can also show the effect of nitrogen removal and solve the slow growth of Anammox flora and not enough for the operation of the plant Dilemma.
In the prospective study, anaerobic ammonium oxidizing microorganisms obtained from domestic sewage treatment plants were planted into a 1 liter upflow fixed bed reaction tank. The experimental results show that the reaction tank can remove 95% of ammonia nitrogen at a concentration of 250 mg/L after domestication.
On the other hand, the 130-liter upflow fixed-bed reaction tank planted a Nitrogen-fixing Microbiome (NMB) produced from the anaerobic hydrogen production process, and the reaction tank was sequentially added with ammonia nitrogen of 120 to 750 mg/L. The ammonia nitrogen measured by the outflow was about 371 mg/L, and the removal rate was about 50%. Although the removal rate was not satisfactory, the tendency of the ammonia nitrogen concentration to decrease was observed.
According to the preliminary results obtained in the above, the subsequent batch experiments were carried out. NMB and Anammox sludge were mixed and planted, and experiments were carried out with different sludge volume ratios. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentrations at the start were 25 To 125 mg/L and 33 to 165 mg/L, a total of 5 experiments were conducted for 6 days, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen therein was observed.
The experimental results show that when the mixing ratio of NMB and Anammox sludge is 2:1, and the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25 mg/L, the nitrogen removal rate is the best, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 96%. According to the experimental results, the optimum concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen at start-up was calculated to be about 10.4 and 360.0 mg/L by reaction kinetic analysis. The maximum reaction rates were 5.16 and 30.0 mg N/g MLVSS*day.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 氮循環 3
2.1.1 硝化作用 5
2.1.2 脫硝作用 6
2.2 微生物 6
2.2.1 固氮的微生物菌群 8
2.3 生物除氮技術 9
2.3.1 傳統除氮程序 9
2.3.2 新穎除氮程序 10
2.4 厭氧氨氧化作用 14
2.4.1 厭氧氨氧化微生物 15
2.4.2 厭氧氨氧化微生物構造 16
2.4.3 厭氧氨氧化微生物代謝機制 19
2.4.4 厭氧氨氧化微生物生長特性 20
第三章 材料與方法 22
3.1 研究架構 22
3.2 實驗設計 24
3.3 研究材料 25
3.3.1 污泥植種來源 25
3.3.2 基質配方 26
3.3.3 反應槽介紹 27
3.3.4 實驗藥品及設備 28
3.4 分析項目 29
3.4.1 氨氮 30
3.4.2 亞硝酸鹽氮及硝酸鹽氮 31
3.4.3 鹼度 32
3.4.4 酸鹼值 34
3.5 實驗步驟 35
3.6 數據分析 37
3.6.1 反應動力學 37
第四章 結果與討論 38
4.1 比較不同植種污泥啟動除氮系統之反應槽 38
4.1.1 Anammox污泥馴養過程 38
4.1.1.1 氮的去除 41
4.1.2 NMB污泥馴養過程 45
4.1.2.1 氮的去除 47
4.1.3 小結 52
4.2 混合污泥植種對除氮系統性能之影響 53
4.2.1 不同混合污泥比例 53
4.2.2 小結 64
4.3 啟動厭氧除氮系統反應槽之基質添加濃度 65
4.3.1 反應動力學分析 65
4.3.2 小結 79
4.4 綜合討論 80
第五章 結論 81
5.1 結論 81
5.2 建議 82
第六章 參考文獻 83

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