臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文採用正交分頻極化多工結合的光分碼多工系統，並且在自由光通道上採用MIMO（多輸入多輸出）架構，在此系統中使用我們使用Walsh Hadamard codes（WHC）編碼技術做為使用者的字碼（Codeword），利用每組WHC之間擁有固定互相關性質的特性，在接收端利用平衡檢測的方式來有效消除基地站之間的干擾，因此具備穩定傳輸速率、資料安全性以及低傳輸成本的好處。最後提出最佳化演算法抵抗在惡劣環境中的衰減，而本論文採用基因演算法、類神經網路來作為優化系統的演算法。
模擬軟體操作方面，本論文主要採用商業光通訊軟體Opitsysytem 15.0證實架構可行性，並且透過內建的Matlab連結原件採集數據及模擬。在第五章進行公式推導，並且加入對數-常態（log-normal）分佈通道以及雜訊數值，並且加入浮動氣候狀態，使模擬的環境更符合真實氣候。使用Matlab模擬並比較optisystem模擬之結果，驗證架構已及公式推導是否正確，在驗證正確後，利用基因演算法，加入補償參數，對BER公式做最佳化，分析原始架構與最佳化架構有效接收功率與BER之比較，以及使用者對於BER之比較。
由模擬結果所知，採用基因演算法以及類神經網路作為通道衰減的補償確實能改善當通道非理想時之系統效能，而兩種演算法經過模擬比較後，類神經網路優化的部分是比基因演算法來適合論文提出的架構。

In this paper, we use an orthogonal frequency division polarization multiplexing multiplexing optical code division multiplexing system, and adopt MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) architecture on the free optical channel. In this system, we use Walsh Hadamard codes (WHC) coding. As the user's codeword, the technology uses the characteristics of fixed cross-correlation between each group of WHCs, and uses the balanced detection method at the receiving end to effectively eliminate the interference between the base stations, so it has a stable transmission rate and data. The benefits of security and low transmission costs. Finally, the optimization algorithm is proposed to resist the attenuation in harsh environments. In this paper, the gene algorithm and neural network are used as the algorithm of the optimization system.
In terms of simulation software operation, this paper mainly uses the commercial optical communication software Opitsysytem 15.0 to verify the feasibility of the architecture, and collect data and simulation through the built-in Matlab link original. In the fifth chapter, the formula is deduced, and the log-normal distribution channel and the noise value are added, and the floating climate state is added to make the simulated environment more in line with the real climate. Use Matlab to simulate and compare the results of the optisystem simulation to verify that the architecture has been deduced correctly. After the verification is correct, use the genetic algorithm, add the compensation parameters, optimize the BER formula, and analyze the original architecture and optimization framework. Comparison of received power with BER, and user comparison of BER.
As is known from the simulation results, the use of gene algorithms and neural network-like compensation as channel attenuation can indeed improve the system performance when the channel is not ideal. After the two algorithms are simulated and compared, the neural network optimization part is more suitable than the gene algorithm to fit the proposed structure.

摘要..................................................i
Abstract.............................................ii
誌謝..................................................iv
目錄...................................................v
表目錄...............................................vii
圖目錄..............................................viii
第一章 緒論............................................1
1.1研究背景、動機......................................1
1.2文獻回顧............................................2
1.3論文大綱............................................3
第二章 相關技術介紹.....................................3
2.1 前言...............................................3
2.2 多輸入多輸出系統.....................................3
2.3 OFDM技術.............................................4
2.3.1 OFDM技術-發射端....................................5
2.3.2 M-QAM調變..........................................5
2.3.3 OFDM訊號調變原理....................................6
2.3.4保護區間............................................7
2.3.5領航符元排列方式.....................................8
2.3.6 OFDM技術-接收端.....................................9
2.3.7 有效電子頻寬........................................9
2.4自由空間光通訊.........................................10
2.5光分碼多重擷取系統.....................................11
2.5.1馬赫曾德爾調變器.....................................12
2.5.2 Walsh-Hadamard Codes...............................14
2.6 極化技術..............................................15
2.7 光源頻寬..............................................16
2.8 陣列波導光柵..........................................17
第三章 智慧型演算法........................................18
3.1基因演算法.............................................18
3.1.1基因遺傳法則.........................................18
3.1.2基因演算法流程.......................................19
3.1.3基因演算法參數介紹...................................19
3.2類神經網路............................................21
3.2.1神經元..............................................21
3.2.2轉移函數............................................22
3.2.3 類神經網路架構.....................................24
3.2.4 網路學習方式.......................................25
第四章 系統架構與模擬結果分析.............................27
4.1前言.................................................27
4.2自由光通道訊號品質模擬測試與比較........................27
4.2.1自由空間單通道與LightPointe的FlighStrata多通道架構....27
4.2.2 自由空間光通道單通道與多通道眼圖之比較................30
4.3自由光通道之OFDM-OCDMA系統架構編/解碼範例架構模擬分析.....31
4.3.1 OFDM-OCDMA編/解碼運作範例...........................31
4.3.2 自由光通道之OFDM-OCDMA結合極化技術系統架構............33
4.3.3 自由光通道之OFDM-OCDMA架構分析.......................36
4.4 自由光通道之OFDM-OCDMA系統效能模擬分析..................42
4.5 自由空間光通道結合MIMO架構.............................44
第五章 系統效能分析........................................49
5.1前言...................................................49
5.2單使用者考慮多重路徑對數-常態分佈通道系統效能分析..........50
5.3多使用者考慮多重路徑對數-常態分佈通道系統效能分析..........56
5.4 基於基因演算法補償通道衰減..........................70
5.4.1基因演算法最佳化系統架構...............................70
5.4.2基因演算法的參數設定 ..................................72
5.4.3基因演算法之變數分析 ..................................72
5.4.4基因演算法系統最佳化分析...............................73
5.5 基於類神經網路補償通道衰減..........................76
5.5.1結合基因演算法系統架構.................................76
5.5.2類神經網路應用........................................77
5.5.3類神經網路的模擬結果分析...............................81
5.6 演算法優化之模擬結果比較............................84
第六章 結論與未來展望.......................................88
6.1結論 ..................................................88
6.2未來展望................................................88
參考文獻 ..................................................89
Extended Abstract.........................................96
簡歷......................................................103

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