臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨科技日新月異的推進，工業也朝高精密與高精度發展，其中傳動元件則成為系統保持高效能運轉的重要角色，若元件表面避免損傷，則可提高元件使用壽命，有效提升機械效率，降低機台成本。其中齒輪、軸承、螺桿最常面臨失效行為及摩擦所帶來的元件表面損傷，即是表面點蝕，它導致機械性質降低，傳動元件表面疲勞失效可能隨後發生。本論文主要為了解點蝕的發展過程與特徵變化，配合添加不同含量水分、顆粒之潤滑油，以模擬因長期接觸大氣中水氣與粉塵粒子而造成潤滑油性能下降的情況，使實驗條件接近真實傳動元件間運轉情形，進而了解點蝕變化過程，俾利傳動元件性能診斷之需要。
中負荷(20kg、50kg)四球式實驗結果顯示，潤滑油中添加水份(0.5wt% -1wt%)的摩擦係數大於含有奈米顆粒(Al2O3、SiO2)的潤滑油。重負荷時 (80kg、110kg)，添加奈米顆粒(Al2O3、SiO2)會造成兩接觸面間存在較多顆粒時會導致界面摩擦磨損更為嚴重，添加0.05wt%與0.1wt%奈米顆粒Al2O3與SiO2之潤滑油表面有明顯擦損現象。利用階梯式負荷與獨立分段實驗觀察得知點蝕形貌變化為初期點蝕:表面有細小孔洞(2-3um)；中期點蝕:大量孔洞組成且面積較大(5-6um)；後期點蝕:有較大且明顯不規則孔洞(10-30um)，甚至有剝落現象，最終表面會形成波浪形熱塑性接觸損傷。

Technological progress has pushed industries to develop with regard to high precision and high accuracy. In particular, transmission components play a crucial role in maintaining the high operation performance of systems. The lifespan of the components can be extended by avoiding damages to the component surface, which can further effectively increase machine efficiency and reduce costs. However, gears, bearings, and screws often encounter failure, and friction frequently damages component surface, which is called surface pitting corrosion. This undermines the transmission components’ mechanical properties and may in turn lead to surface fatigue and failure. The objective of this study was to understand the development of pitting and its characteristic changes. Using lubricants comprising different percentages of water content and different concentrations of particles, this study simulated the decreasing performance of lubricant because of its long-term exposure to moisture and dust in atmospheric air. The experimental conditions closely reflected the conditions of the actual operation of transmission components. Accordingly, the changes in pitting corrosion could be discerned, which was required for determining the properties of transmission components.
The results of the four-ball experiment of medium load (20kg, 50kg) showed that the friction coefficient of the added moisture (0.5wt% -1wt%) in the lubricating oil was larger than that of the lubricating oil containing the nano particles (Al2O3, SiO2). When heavy load (80kg, 110kg), the addition of nano particles (Al2O3, SiO2) will cause more friction between the two contact surfaces, which will lead to more serious interface friction and wear. The surface of the lubricating oil to which 0.05 wt% and 0.1 wt% of the nano particles Al2O3 and SiO2 were added was significantly scratched. The stepped load and independent segmentation experiments were used to observe the change of pitting morphology to initial pitting: small holes (2-3um) on the surface; medium-term pitting: a large number of holes and a large area (5-6um); post pitting: There are large and obvious irregular holes (10-30um), even peeling, and the surface will form wavy thermoplastic contact damage.

摘要........................................................i
Abstract........................................................ii
誌謝........................................................iv
目錄........................................................v
表目錄........................................................viii
圖目錄 ........................................................ix
符號說明........................................................ xiii
第一章、緒論........................................................1
1.1前言........................................................1
1.2研究動機與目的........................................................1
1.3點蝕定義........................................................2
1.4論文架構........................................................3
第二章、基礎理論........................................................4
2.1點蝕回顧........................................................4
2.1.1適配過程........................................................5
2.1.2表面疲勞........................................................5
2.1.2添加劑影響........................................................6
2.2磨潤理論........................................................6
2.2.1史崔拜克理論........................................................7
2.2.2厚膜潤滑........................................................8
2.2.3混合潤滑........................................................9
2.2.4邊界潤滑........................................................9
2.3油膜厚度理論........................................................9
2.3赫茲接觸理論........................................................10
第三章、研究內容與方法....................................................12
3.1實驗試件........................................................12
3.1.1實驗鋼球性質........................................................12
3.1.2四球接觸時接觸面壓......................................................13
3.2實驗設備........................................................14
3.2.1四球試驗機........................................................14
3.2.2超音波震盪機........................................................15
3.2.3光學顯微鏡(OM)........................................................15
3.2.4維氏硬度儀........................................................16
3.2.5奈米粒徑分析儀........................................................17
3.2.6電位差滴定儀........................................................18
3.2.7黏度計........................................................19
3.2.8 毛細管式黏度計........................................................19
3.3 實驗潤滑油脂特性........................................................19
3.3.1潤滑油-R100........................................................ 19
3.3.2 油膜厚度計算........................................................20
3.4實驗流程........................................................23
第四章、實驗結果與討論........................................................24
4.1物理性質.........................................................24
4.1.1潤滑油黏度分析...........................................................24
4.1.2潤滑油酸價分析...........................................................26
4.2磨潤性質..................................................................27
4.2.1實驗參數設定............................................................27
4.2.2階梯式負荷測試..........................................................28
4.2.3潤滑油添加不同水份之磨潤性能分析.........................................30
4.3點蝕分析.................................................................37
4.3.1磨痕直徑...............................................................37
4.3.2磨痕OM圖...............................................................39
4.3.3磨痕面積分析............................................................44
4.3.4點蝕面積變化............................................................46
第五章、結論與未來展望........................................................50
5.1結論 ....................................................................50
5.1.1磨潤性質分析............................................................50
5.1.2點蝕分析................................................................50
5.2未來展望..................................................................51
參考文獻 ....................................................................52
Extebded Abstract.........................................................53

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