臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文主要探討伴隨運作時間增加，元件可靠度逐漸衰退的週期性(periodic maintenance)預防維護作業，研究探討機械系統的週期性的預防維護與預防更換作業為主。有別於過去學者在Renewal模式下的維護探討，本文以動態可靠度描述機械元件隨運作時間遞減的壽命曲線，並在壽命衰退模式(Age reduction model)的基礎下呈現預防維護作業對於可靠度與失效率的影響。本文同時考量可靠度、妥善率與成本三個績效指標，藉由基因演算法建立最佳的預防維護作業組合。經由多目標評估所建立的預防維護作業，在滿足系統可靠度需求的同時，也同時考量了妥善率與成本的情況。
本文藉由等高線圖呈現週期維護階段中，最適預防維護計畫的三個績效指標值。可靠度需求高的系統，妥善率也相對越高；可靠度較低的系統，失效風險與維修保養成本導致整個後勤成本的增加，尤其當風險失效成本遠大於零件預防更換成本時。最後，研究顯示了元件預防維護作業的選擇受到維護因子影響，維護效果較高的元件通常以預防維護為主(1P.)；維護效果較差的元件，通常以預防更換為主，尤其當系統可靠度需求較高的情況。

In this thesis, a periodic preventive maintenance (PM) of a system with deteriorated components is modeled by genetic algorithm. Simple preventive maintenance and preventive replacement are considered simultaneously for a periodic preventive maintenance schedule of mechanical systems. The life deterioration of components is modeled with dynamic reliability equation, and the effect of PM activities with reliability and failure rate of components under an age reduction model is studied.
Reliability, availability and cost are considered simultaneously as the multiple performance evaluation indices in scheduling the optimal maintenance scheme at each PM stage by the genetic algorithm. From this research, the proposed preventive maintenance operation from multiple evaluation aspects is more diversification and eclectic.
We present the three performance evaluation indices of the optimal maintenance scheme on every periodic preventive maintenance stage by Contour map. The more reliability of the system is, the more availability it is. As far as a lower reliability system, the Logistics Support cost would increase because of risk cost and corrective maintenance cost increased, especially when the risk cost is more expensive than component preventive maintenance cost. Eventually, the PM. activities chosen on each stage is affected with the improvement factor of components. The main PM. activity of the higher improvement factor of components is 1P; and on the other hand, the worse improvement factor of components, more the opportunity is 2P. implemented, especially to the system required higher reliability.

封面 ………………………………………………………………………………….i
書名頁 ……………………………………………………………………………....ii
論文口試委員審定書 ……………………………………………………………...iii
授權書 ……………………………………………………………………………...iv
碩博士論文授權書 …………………………………………………………………v
中文摘要 …………………………………………………………………………..vii
英文摘要 …………………………………………………………..……………. viii
致謝 ……………………………………………………………………………... x
目錄 ………………………………………………………………………………..xi
表目錄 …………………………………………………………………………..xiv
圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………………....xv
第一章 緒論 ……………………………………………………………..….…….1
1.1 研究背景與動機 ………………………………………………..…….....1
1.2 研究目的與方法…………………………………………..……….2
1.3論文架構……………………………………………………...3
1.4 研究範圍……………………………………………………...4
第二章 文獻回顧 ………..……………………………………………….……….5
第三章 可靠度理論 ………………….…...……………………….…...9
3.1 可靠度的定義 ………………………………………………………….9
3.2 可靠度函數與失效率函數……………………………………………….10
3.2.1 浴缸曲線………………………………………………………..…12
3.3 動態可靠度模式建立………………………………...……………….….14
3.4 壽命衰退模式………………………...……………….……….……….15
3.5 系統可靠度…………………………...………………………….………17
第四章 基因演算法 ………………………………………………….……….19
4.1 前言……………………………………………………………………….19
4.2 傳統最佳化的方法與基因演算法之比較……………………………….20
4.2.1 傳統最佳化的方法………………………………………………..20
4.2.2 基因演算法的特色………………………………………………..21
4.3 基因演算法簡介………………………………………………………….22
4.3.1 基因演算法組成架構……………………………………………..22
4.3.2 基因演算法流程 ………………………………………………..24
4.3.3 基因演算法運算元 ……………………………………………..25
4.4 基因演算法的理論基礎………………………………………………….28
第五章 系統維護類別與評估指標…………………………….………………….32
5.1 系統失效與壽命 ……………………………………………………….32
5.2 維護的類別……………………………………. ………………………33
5.3 維護因子介紹…………………………………………………………….35
5.4 評估指標………………………………………………………………….38
5.4.1 可靠度成本模式 ………………………………………………..38
5.4.2 系統可靠度 ……………………………………………………..41
5.4.3 固有妥善率 ……………………………………………………..41
5.5 目標函數建立與正規化………………………………………………….43
第六章 模式驗證與分析…………………………………….………………….....45
6.1 研究分析流程…………………………………………………………….45
6.2 研究之Data-Test流程………………………………………………….48
6.2.1 突變率的決定……………………………………………………..48
6.2.2 交配率的決定……………………………………………………..54
6.2.3 可靠度閥值下的最適維護週期決定……………………………..57
6.3 研究之Data-Run流程………………………………………………….62
6.4 結果與分析……………………………………………………………….68
第七章 結論與建議………………………………………….………………….....70
7.1 結論……………………………………………………………………….70
7.2 建議與未來研究………………………………………………….72
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………………..73
附錄一 Bonferroni區間檢定報表…………………………………..……………76

文獻回顧
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