臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鉛酸電池2018年在全球電池市場仍占一半以上，因為鉛酸電池擁有電壓穩定、操作溫度廣、技術成熟、高循環再利用率與價格低廉等優勢，使得電池在產量與產值與成本上佔有優勢。但是，在儲能的部分，由於鉛酸電池電極在不飽和充電下，容易硫化導致電池循環壽命低，因此儲能佔比小且漸被鋰電池取代。
奈米材料實驗室發現利用特殊快速部分充電(Partial State of Charge PSoC)可以在鉛片表面佈置大顆的硫酸鉛並往下長出奈米鉛，因此，鉛片電極在不飽和充電下，不隨充放電次數增加而衰減，循環壽命高。本論文利用特殊快速部分充放電讓純鉛片電池電容量成長，並使用不同的純鉛片正負極面積比，觀察正負極面積比對電容量的成長影響，再利用奈米材料實驗室的鉛碳化學接合技術及熱壓等製程，分別製備氧化碳纖、氧化活性碳、氧化碳黑等三種鉛/碳複合材負極。並將三種鉛/碳複合材負極與純鉛片正極組合為三種鉛碳電池，進行充放電並與純鉛片電池做比較
實驗結果顯示負極極板的大小會決定電容量可成長的極限，當負極極板放大2倍，電容量也會跟著成長2倍；而當加入碳材到電池的負極時，將會產生明顯的電容效應，使電容量成長約2倍以上，並會大幅降低其電容量成長所需的快速部分充放電次數(cycle)。

Lead-acid batteries still occupy more than half of the global battery market in 2018, because lead-acid batteries are cheap, reliable, nontoxic for users, and recycled used. The lead-acid batteries have always failed due to the irreversible lead sulfate formed on the surface of electrode in fast charge/discharge cycling.
The study aims to verify the positive effect of Partial State of Charge (PSoC) cycling of pure lead plate battery, which found by Nanomaterials laboratory. And to investigate the effect of various area ratio of positive and negative electrode of pure lead plate battery and adding carbon materials (oxidized carbon fibers, oxidized active carbon and oxidized carbon black) in negative electrode on battery capacity.
The experimental results reveal that after fast charge/discharge cycling, the battery capacity of pure lead plate of 10*10 cm area battery grows to 0.2~0.25Ah, and the size of area of negative electrode of pure lead plate battery is the dominate factor. Adding carbon materials (oxidized carbon fibers, oxidized active carbon and oxidized carbon black) in negative electrodes will lift the growth rate and at least double or triple the capacity of pure lead plate battery.

摘要------------------i
Abstract------------------ii
誌謝------------------iii
目錄------------------iv
表目錄------------------vi
圖目錄------------------vii
第一章 緒論------------------1
1.1前言------------------1
1.2研究目的------------------1
第二章 文獻回顧------------------2
2.1再生能源------------------2
2.2儲能裝置------------------2
2.3鉛酸電池介紹------------------3
2.3.1鉛酸電池構造------------------4
2.3.2鉛酸電池反應式------------------4
2.4形成硫酸鉛機制與影響------------------5
2.5碳材料介紹------------------6
2.6鉛碳電池種類------------------8
2.6.1鉛碳電池製備 ------------------10
2.7電極表面積對鉛酸電池影響------------------12
2.8鉛酸電池常見充電介紹------------------12
第三章 實驗材料與步驟------------------14
3.1實驗藥品材料與設備------------------14
3.1.1實驗材料------------------14
3.1.2實驗藥品------------------14
3.1.3實驗設備------------------14
3.2電池實驗------------------16
3.2.1純鉛片電池製作------------------16
3.2.2氧化石墨烯鉛複合材製作------------------17
3.2.3氧化活性碳鉛碳介面製作------------------17
3.2.4氧化碳纖維蒸鍍鐵------------------17
3.2.5氧化碳纖維鉛複合材製作------------------17
3.2.6充放電方法介紹------------------18
3.3分析儀器------------------20
3.3.1掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM）------------------20
3.3.2能量散射光譜儀（EDS）------------------20
第四章 結果與討論------------------22
4.1純鉛片電池製作------------------22
4.2碳鉛複合材電極之製作------------------23
4.2.1 氧化石墨烯鉛複合材電池------------------23
4.2.2 氧化碳纖鍍鐵------------------26
4.2.3 氧化活性碳------------------29
4.3電池充放電結果------------------31
4.3.1純鉛片電池------------------31
4.3.2 氧化石墨烯鉛複合材電池------------------35
4.3.3氧化碳纖維鉛複合材電池------------------35
4.3.4氧化活性碳鉛複合材電池------------------37
4.4電池比較------------------37
第五章 結論------------------39
參考文獻------------------40
Extended Abstract------------------43

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