臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著智慧型手機和行動設備的性能不斷地增強與各式應用軟體的進化，加上使用者習慣的改變，令無線網路的使用不再侷限於文字、圖片抑或影片之類的應用，近年新興的許多大型遊戲也由以往桌機轉戰至高階移動設備，使得無線網路有限的頻寬資源變得越加珍貴，因此，無線頻譜資源的利用在未來下一代的行動網路通訊也是一門重要的研究課題。而D2D (Device to Device) Communication的概念被視為為下一代行動通訊網路的另一相關研究重點，藉由近端移動設備之間的直接通訊，共享設備所需的資料，減少核心網路對各別設備管理產生的負載量，並試圖提升頻譜資源的重複利用率，達到增進系統吞吐量的效果。
參考並根據3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project)訂定的相關協定基礎下，我們透過計算訊號對干擾與雜訊比，利用賽局理論將同一基地台底下的D2D用戶組成不同的聯盟，並且透過重複使用相同的頻譜資源，降低整體D2D對資源的需求量以提升系統的效能。在探討D2D聯盟的形成方式中，我們希望透過適當的功率控制機制，讓同一聯盟的D2D成員數盡可能增加，使D2D Pairs能夠盡量重複使用相同的頻譜資源，並藉著降低所形成的聯盟數量，降低D2D通訊在整個無線網路系統中所需求的頻譜資源。因此，形成聯盟的策略是本論文主要探討的方向。
本文提出改變D2D Pairs傳輸功率的兩種方法，降低D2D Pairs之間的影響來組織聯盟，並計算同一聯盟中需求資源最嚴苛的一對Pair為基地台服務該聯盟的基準，藉由滿足此D2D Pair達到同一聯盟中所有D2D Pairs都能滿足對RB (Resource Block)需求的效果。此外，由於同一聯盟所有D2D Pairs都可以共用相同的RBs，聯盟中其他成員可藉此獲得更多的RBs產生效能提升的額外收穫。最後，我們比較本文所提出的兩種功率控制方法與其他方法所得到的整體系統所使用之RB總量、D2D Pair之throughput、以及RB的複用率，並分析、討論不同狀況下所得到的結果。

As mobile devices and application software continue to evolve, the use of wireless networks is no longer limited to text, pictures or video. Some heavy-duty and large-scale games have also moved from traditional PCs to high-end mobile devices. All these make the limited bandwidth available to wireless networks even more valuable. Therefore, the effective use of wireless spectrum resources in the next-generation mobile communication network is an important research topic. The concept of D2D (Device to Device) communication becomes a relevant focus of the next generation of mobile communication. Direct communication between nearby mobile devices to share information can reduce the load of the core network. Besides, D2D can improve the reuse of resources to improve system throughput.
Based on the specifications released by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), we use game theory to divide D2D users under the same base station into different coalitions by calculating the signal to interference and noise ratio, and control the transmit power to reuse the same spectrum resources, thereby reducing the overall D2D demand for resources to enhance the system performance. In forming the D2D coalitions, we hope that the D2D pairs will be able to reuse the same spectrum resources as much as possible by using appropriate transmit power. The power control mechanism can increase the number of D2D pairs in the same coalition to reduce the spectrum resources required for D2D communication in the entire wireless network system. Therefore, the formation of coalitions and power control strategy are the main themes of this thesis.
This thesis proposes two ways to change the transmit power of D2D pairs and use the methods in conjunction with coalition formation. By calculating the resource requirement of the most demanding pair in a coalition and using it as the base for resource allocation by the base station, we can satisfy the demand of all D2D pairs in the same coalition. In addition, since all D2D pairs in the same coalition can share the same resource blocks (RBs), the other less demanding members of the coalition can also benefit from the additional RBs to improve performance. Finally, we compare the performance of the power control methods proposed in this thesis and existing method in terms of the total number of used RBs by the overall system, the throughput of D2D pairs, and the reuse of RBs. The results obtained under different scenarios are also analyzed and discussed.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
第一章 導論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 1
1.3 相關研究文獻探討 2
1.4 論文架構 2
第二章 背景及相關研究 3
2.1 LTE-Advanced 3
2.2 Device-to-Device (D2D)通訊 4
2.3 D2D相關議題 5
2.3.1裝置與裝置間探索 (D2D Proximity Discovery) 5
2.3.2資源分配 (Resource Allocation) 6
2.4干擾管理 (Interference Management) 6
2.4.1功率控制 (Power Control) 6
2.4.2聯盟 (Coalition) 7
第三章 研究方法 8
3.1 系統模型 8
3.1.1 系統描述 8
3.1.2 系統假設 9
3.2 方法概述 9
3.2.1 計算所需最低傳輸功率 9
3.2.2 聯盟形成 11
3.2.3 傳輸功率的選擇 16
3.2.4 調降功率與聯盟組成順序 16
3.2.5 資源使用量 18
第四章 模擬結果與分析 19
4.1模擬參數表 20
4.2模擬結果 21
4.3數據落差原因 30
第五章 結論與未來展望 32
5.1結論 32
5.2未來展望 32
參考文獻 33

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