隨著科技的發展，白光發光二極體(White light-emitting diode, WLED)已取代白熾燈與螢光燈，且被廣泛應用於照明與顯示器中。而WLED製備時需添加不同光色的量子點或螢光粉，市售的螢光粉因半高寬過大，導致色純度低與色域面積小，使得背光顯示器之顯色能力受到限制。因此具有窄半高寬，高螢光效率之全無機式鈣鈦礦量子點CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, I)成為製備背光源材料之首選。但由於CsPbX3容易產生離子交換及熱穩定性差之問題，因此在顯示器背光源之應用受限，本研究提出利用碳鏈長度調控放光波長及表面包覆二氧化矽阻絕離子交換，以達到在顯示器白光背光源的應用。
本研究主要分為三大部分，第一部分透過具不同碳鏈長度之烷基胺(DDA、HDA及ODA)調控CsPbX3量子點放光波長並探討其物性。研究結果顯示當烷基胺碳鏈長度增加時，量子點粒徑逐漸減小，放射波長逐漸藍移。
第二部分為在CsPbX3量子點外層包覆二氧化矽，將使用DDA與OLA為包覆劑之量子點進行二氧化矽包覆，研究結果發現包覆二氧化矽後，可以成功避免紅光與綠光之離子交換，且將P-QD與P-QD/SiO2置於100 oC烘烤一天後，熱穩定性有明顯上升；將R-QD 和R-QD/SiO2樣品置於空氣中40天後，R-QD因大氣中的水氣造成量子點中碘離子的解離，使其放光波長藍移超過90 nm，而R-QD/SiO2之藍移小於20 nm，結果顯示包覆二氧化矽之量子點不僅可避免離子交換也具有良好的熱與水氣穩定性。
第三部分為CsPbX3量子點以藍光晶片激發形成WLED之元件特性分析。利用兩種方式封裝，一為純量子點與聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)以不同比例混合，製成不同厚度的螢光板後堆疊進行量測；另一種為包覆二氧化矽之紅、綠量子點與不同比例矽膠混合後點入藍光晶片。兩種封裝方式的WLED之CIE色度座標、NTSC與sRGB分別為(0.31, 0.33)、119 %、167 %及(0.33, 0.31)、109 %、153 %。
由以上結果得知，可藉由烷基胺碳鏈長度改變量子點粒徑調控放光波長。將量子點包覆二氧化矽可成功避免離子交換且可增加熱與水氣穩定性。利用藍光晶片作為激發源，可得到高色域之WLED。

With the development of technologies, white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have been instead incandescent and fluorescent lamps and widely used in lighting and display. In the WLED fabrication, the quantum dots (QDs) or phosphors with different colors were added. Most of the commercialize phosphors have width of full width at half maximum (FWHM) and irregular morphologies, resulting in a little bit enhancement of color gamut compared to fluorescent lamps. Therefore, all inorganic perovskite QDs (CsPbX3 X=Cl, Br, I) with narrow FWHM and high quantum yield (QY) is the first choice for the backlight materials. However, fast ion exchange between halogens and poor thermal stability are the two major shortcomings for CsPbX3 QDs. This study, we use saturated alkyl amines with different of carbon chain length to prepare perovskite QDs with controllable emission wavelengths. Moreover, the QDs were coated with silica to prevent anion exchange and enhance thermal stability for backlight applications.
This study includes three major parts. The first part is controlled the emission wavelength of CsPbX3 QDs through the alkyl amines (DDA, HDA and ODA) of different carbon chain length. The results show that the smaller size and short emission wavelength of QDs can be obtained with longer carbon chain length of amine.
The second part is the coating of silica on the outer layer of CsPbX3 QDs. We can find that the anion exchange between red and green QDs can be avoided after coating, and the emission intensity of G-OLA/SiO2 is obviously maintained after aging at 100 oC for one day. The emission wavelength of R-QDs have blue shift more than 90 nm, that is caused by the iodine ion dissociation after aging at atmosphere for 40 days, while the shift of the R-QDs/SiO2 are less than 20 nm. The results show that the QDs coated with silica can avoid anion exchange and enhance thermal and moisture stability.
The third part discusses the characteristics of the CsPbX3 QD-based WLED. We prepare the WLED in two types. First type, mixing QDs with PMMA to form fluorescent films with different QD concentrations and thickness. Second type is that incorporate R-QD/SiO2 and G-QD/SiO2 with silicone and pumping by blue chip. The Commission International d’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates, NTSC, and sRGB of two types of WLED are (0.31, 0.33), 119 %, 167 % and (0.33, 0.31), 109 %, 153 %, respectively.
Based on the above results we can find that the carbon chain length of alkyl amines affect the particle size of QDs, resulting in the emission wavelength blue shift with increasing amines chain length. The QDs coated with silica can avoid anion exchange successfully and increase thermal and moisture stability. Moreover, a high color gamut WLEDs can be obtained.

摘要..............................................i
Abstract........................................iii
誌謝..............................................v
目錄..............................................vi
表目錄............................................ix
圖目錄.............................................x
第一章 前言........................................1
1.1 LED發展史......................................1
1.2 白光LED背光顯示器...............................2
第二章 文獻回顧.....................................5
2.1 量子點.........................................5
2.1.1 量子侷限效應..................................5
2.1.2 量子點之表面效應及鈍化.........................5
2.2 鈣鈦礦.........................................10
2.2.1 有機無機式鈣鈦礦..............................11
2.2.2 全無機鈣鈦礦..................................11
2.2.3 全無機鈣鈦礦量子點放光機制.....................12
2.3 二氧化矽包覆量子點..............................19
2.3.1 溶膠-凝膠法..................................19
2.3.2 pH值對於溶膠-凝膠法之影響.....................19
2.4 研究動機.......................................26
第三章 實驗方法與步驟...............................27
3.1 實驗藥品.......................................27
3.2 無機鈣鈦礦量子點之製備..........................29
3.2.1 製備Cs-oleate前驅物..........................29
3.2.2 CsPbBr3量子點之製備..........................29
3.2.3 CsPbBr1.3I1.7量子點之製備....................29
3.2.4 二氧化矽包覆量子點............................29
3.3 製備量子點螢光板................................31
3.4 SMD白光元件製備.................................34
3.5 量子點與螢光板之特性分析.........................36
第四章 結果與討論....................................39
4.1 CsPbBrxI3-x量子點...............................39
4.1.1 烷基胺對於CsPbBr3量子點性質之影響...............39
4.1.2 烷基胺對於CsPbBr1.3I1.7量子點性質之影響.........50
4.2 二氧化矽包覆CsPbBrxI3-x量子點....................57
4.2.1 二氧化矽包覆量子點之光學特性分析................57
4.2.2 二氧化矽包覆量子點之物性分析....................61
4.2.3 包覆二氧化矽量子點之常溫穩定性與熱穩定性 ........68
4.3 P-QD元件封裝 ...................................72
4.3.1 PMMA螢光板 ...................................72
4.3.2 LED元件之封裝 ................................79
第五章 結論.........................................89
參考文獻............................................90
Extended Abstract..................................95

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