臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在應用無線感測器網路於植物工廠的環境監測，利用其感測器節點無線化的優點，且能量測環境中的溫度、濕度及照度等多項環境參數，因此在使用上能更加貼近植物的生長環境，同時可以大幅提升佈建時的便利性與彈性。管理者在實際應用上可以大量設置感測節點，進而提升監測系統的準確性及感測範圍，彌補傳統有線監測系統的不足。在環控室內部作物的生長區域，是以現地即時方式量測作物生長狀況，且每個感測點會依據閘道器的控制輪流進行資料回傳。閘道器將資料收集後，會再透過網際網路將感測資料寫入資料庫中。本系統的後端監控介面是以LabVIEW程式撰寫，管理者能由後端監控平台查詢無線感測器所量測的資訊進行後續分析。根據實驗結果顯示，在每一個栽培區內量測實際植物所受到溫度、濕度及照度均有所差異，且有部分栽培區溫溼度差異甚鉅，這充分改變了普遍認為溫室裡的溫度不會有大幅度變化的說法，同時搭配模擬植物工廠內部環境以進行栽培架中風扇裝置的架設，藉由風扇循環系統改善栽培區空氣溫場分佈情形。因此，本團隊所研發之無線感測器網路確實能有效掌握植物工廠內每一個栽植區的溫度和濕度變化情形，且能夠即時提供管理人員更精確的資訊以掌握植物生長的環境。

This thesis attempts to deploy wireless sensor nodes to monitor the environment of vertical plant factories. Through wireless sensor networks and measurement of environmental parameters in temperature, humidity and illumination, this application covers a wide range of plants and improve the convenience and flexibility of the monitoring system. Furthermore, the supervisor can set up a great number of sensor nodes to increase the level of accuracy and the range of monitoring, overcoming the drawbacks of wired monitoring systems. In an environmentally controlled chamber where plants grow, the condition of each plant is monitored with a real-time system, and every sensor node sends back the sensing data by turns according to the control of the gateways, which store the data in a database after collecting the data through network. The back-end monitor interface is programmed by LabVIEW, and the supervisor can look up the data by the back-end monitor platform in order to conduct more analyses. As the result of my experiment shows, the temperature, the humidity and the illumination that influence the plants in every growing area vary, and in some of the growing areas significant differences in temperature and moisture are found fully explaining a common idea that there is no considerable change in temperature in greenhouses. We install fan equipment depend on the simulation of the plant factory and improve the temperature field distribution. We install fan equipment depending on the simulation results of the plant factory and make the temperature in the plant factory more evenly distributed. Therefore, the wireless sensor network developed by our team is more efficient to monitor the changes in temperature and moisture in every growing area in the plant factory, providing more accurate data of the growth of plants for the supervisor.

誌謝 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機及目的 3
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 無線感測器網路系統架構 6
2.2 無線感測器節點 8
2.3 無線感測器網路操作系統 — TinyOS 12
2.4 植物工廠 14
2.4.1 植物工廠的優勢 15
2.4.2 植物工廠的類型 17
2.4.3植物工廠的近況 18
2.5 空間推估方法 19
2.5.1克利金空間內插法 19
2.5.2 其他空間推估法 26
第三章 材料與方法 28
3.1 環控室的無線感測器網路架設 28
3.2無線感測器網路系統通訊協定演算法開發 37
3.2.1 網路建置程序 38
3.2.2 資料收集與自我組態 38
3.2.3 節點重置及睡眠 39
3.3 無線感測器網路感測器節點電量監控 40
3.4 無線感測器節點與感測模組通訊與結合測試 41
3.5 無線感測器閘道器裝置開發與控制程式設計 45
3.5.1 感測網路閘道器整體架構 45
3.5.2 感測網路閘道器程式介紹 47
3.5.3 感測網路閘道器程式流程 48
3.6 管理人員監看平臺介面規劃及雛型設計 49
3.6.1 系統狀態即時顯示頁面 50
3.6.2 歷史資料查詢、環境參數警戒與通報頁面 52
第四章 實驗結果 54
4.1 單一節點單日內所收集的感測資料 54
4.2 同一層栽培區的不同節點於一日所收集的感測資料比較 56
4.3 不同層栽培區內感測器節點所收集的感測資料比較 58
4.4遮光對於感測器節點所量測的感測資料之比較 59
4.4.1 同一栽培區(下方為保麗龍栽植區)的感測器節點所收集的資料 60
4.4.2 同一栽培區(下方為栽培槽)的感測器節點所收集的感測資料 64
4.5 不同遮光材質對於感測器節點所量測的感測資料之比較 67
4.6 栽培區內二維和三維的溫場分布變異圖 68
4.6.1不同氣溫空間推估方法之比較 69
4.6.2以克利金法繪製溫度場 70
4.6.3栽培區溫度場模擬 72
4.6.4加入風扇之栽培區溫度場 74
4.7 栽培區內波士頓萵苣生長情形 76
第五章 結論與建議 78
參考文獻 79

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