本研究目的在探討樟芝對高血糖鼠降血糖與抗氧化之作用。實驗以少量多次Streptozotocin (STZ)注射（25 mg/kg BW, 每隔3∼4天一次）誘發Sprague-Dawley大白鼠血糖至200∼300 mg/mL間，並配合高蔗糖飲食來維持血糖，然後隨機分為控制組(Control)、樟芝-An5培養液組(medium-An5)、發酵液組(filtrate-An5)或樟芝-GK101培養液組(medium-GK101)、發酵液組(filtrate-GK101)、菌絲體組(mycelia-GK101)共6組。飼養4週後犧牲，進行血液與肝臟之生化分析。結果顯示，在血糖方面，樟芝mycelia-GK101或filtrate-An5皆能顯著降低高血糖鼠非禁食血糖值(p<0.05)；且兩種發酵液皆較控制組能明顯降低果糖胺的濃度(p<0.05)。而於第4週進行口服葡萄糖耐量試驗，發現mycelia-GK101或filtrate-An5皆可降低血漿葡萄糖與胰島素濃度(p<0.05)。血脂質方面，filtrate-An5相較於medium-An5能顯著降低血中TG與TC濃度(p<0.05)；但其他各組間之血清LDL-C、HDL-C、游離脂肪酸均無顯著差異(p>0.05)。在抗氧化力方面，filtrate-GK101可減少肝臟脂質過氧化物的生成(p<0.05)，但測定LDL氧化遲滯期、50%紅血球溶血時間及總抗氧化狀態，發現各組間均無差異(p>0.05)。綜合以上結果顯示，樟芝發酵液或菌絲體具有降低血糖之效果，且發酵液有降低血脂異常的趨勢與改善肝臟之氧化壓力，故對於改善糖尿病具有正面的保健效果。但不同菌株所發酵而得之產品，其生理功能會略有不同。

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological effect of A. camphorata on blood glucose, lipids and antioxidation in hyperglycemic rats. Forty eight hyperglycemic rats were induced by injections of streptozotocin (STZ)（25 mg/kg body weight, every three or four days until blood glucose was induced to 200∼300 mg/mL）and fed high sucrose diet to maintain blood glucose levels, then were divided into six groups treated with control, cultural medium (medium-An5), fermentative filtrate (filtrate-An5) of A. camphorata An5 or cultural medium (medium-GK101), fermentative filtrate (filtrate-GK101), mycelia (mycelia-GK101) of A. camphorata GK101 diet. Animals were sacrificed, and their blood and liver were analyzed after feeding for four weeks. Results showed that feeding of either mycelia-GK101 or filtrate-An5 diet could significantly decrease non-fasting plasma glucose (p<0.05). It also demonstrated that feeding of filtrate-An5 or filtrate-GK101 diet could significantly decrease fructosamine (p<0.05). In the response of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), feeding of mycelia-GK101 or filtrate-An5 diet could significantly decrease plasma glucose and insulin (p<0.05). According to the serum lipid analysis, less triacylglycerol and total cholesterol were noticed in rats treated with filtrate-An5 than those with medium-An5 (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in serum LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and free fatty acids levels among all groups (p>0.05). Moreover, the hepatic TBA reactive substances (TBARS) in the group of filtrate-GK101 were lower significantly than the one of mycelia-GK101 (p<0.05). No significant difference, however, on the lag time of Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation, 50% hemolysis of red blood cells and total antioxidant status were detected among all groups (p>0.05). The observations can be concluded that both fermentative filtrate and mycelia of A. camphorata could reduce the blood glucose. The filtrates could decrease the abnormal concentrations of serum lipids and ameliorate the oxidative stress in liver. Subsequently, A. camphorata may be considered a nutraceutical to improve diabetes. The study also revealed that various cultured A. camphorata products might have various levels of physiological effects.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
第一節 樟芝 3
一、簡介 3
二、型態 4
三、歷史 4
四、地理上的分佈 5
五、分類學的地位 6
六、生物特性 6
七、培養技術 7
八、營養成分 7
九、功能性研究 9
第二節 糖尿病 13
一、定義及其分類 13
二、診斷 14
三、流行病學與併發症 15
四、脂蛋白在糖尿病中所扮演的角色 16
第三節 糖尿病與氧化壓力 18
第四節 STZ誘發高血糖動物模式 19
第五節 高蔗糖飲食誘發高血糖動物模式 20
第三章 材料與方法 22
第一節 實驗材料 22
一、原料 22
二、化學試藥 23
三、飼料成分 24
第二節 儀器設備 24
第三節 實驗動物 25
第四節 分析項目 30
第五節 分析方法 31
一、血糖分析項目 31
二、脂質分析項目 33
三、抗氧化分析項目 37
四、尿液分析 40
第六節 統計方法 41
第四章 結果 42
第一節 樟芝對大白鼠生長狀況的影響 42
一、大白鼠攝食量、飲水量及排尿量 42
二、大白鼠生長體重與體重增加量 43
三、大白鼠肝重與相對肝重 43
第二節 樟芝對血漿葡萄糖與胰島素的影響 44
一、非禁食血糖與胰島素 44
二、口服葡萄糖耐量試驗 44
三、血清果糖胺 45
第三節 樟芝對脂質代謝的影響 46
一、血清膽固醇 46
二、血清三酸甘油酯 47
三、血清游離脂肪酸 47
四、肝臟三酸甘油酯 47
第四節 樟芝對抗氧化的影響 47
一、銅離子誘導LDL氧化之遲滯期 47
二、紅血球溶血時間 48
三、總抗氧化狀態 48
四、肝臟脂質過氧化物 48
第五節 樟芝對大白鼠尿液的影響 49
第五章 討論 65
第一節 樟芝對大白鼠生長狀況的影響 65
一、大白鼠攝食量、飲水量及排尿量 65
二、大白鼠生長體重與體重增加量 66
三、大白鼠肝重與相對肝重 66
第二節 樟芝對血漿葡萄糖與胰島素的影響 67
一、非禁食血糖與胰島素 67
二、口服葡萄糖耐量試驗 68
三、血清果糖胺 70
第三節 樟芝對脂質代謝的影響 71
一、血清膽固醇 71
二、血清三酸甘油酯 73
三、血清游離脂肪酸 74
四、肝臟三酸甘油酯 74
第四節 樟芝對抗氧化的影響 75
一、銅離子誘導LDL氧化之遲滯期 75
二、紅血球溶血時間 76
三、總抗氧化狀態 77
四、肝臟脂質過氧化物 78
第五節 樟芝對大白鼠尿液的影響 79
第六章 結論 81
第七章 參考文獻 82

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