臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以世界企業永續發展委員會(WBCSD)提出之環境效率(Eco-Efficiency)觀點為理論基礎，並以國際標準ISO14045生產系統環境效率評估(Environmental management—Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems)以及生命週期評估(LCA)為架構，運用於台灣綠建材之環境效率評估，探討綠建材品質及其對於環境負荷的關係，是國內首篇針對綠建材環境效率評估之研究，目標為建構綠建材環境效率評估模式(GBM Eco-Efficiency Model ),以有效評估綠建材之價值與環境影響，提供學術界與產業界合適的綠建材評估方法，並導入實際建材案例評析其環境效率值之差異，藉此了解台灣推動綠建材標章及碳盤查機制之成效，並藉由環境效率策略提昇台灣綠建材效益。
本研究結果可歸納為以下幾點結論：
一、建構「台灣綠建材環境效率評估系統」
(一)彙整台灣綠建材環境效率評估指標與評估細項
(二)分析台灣綠建材評估指標之「環境效率」面向
(三)建構「台灣綠建材環境效率評估系統」
二、推導「台灣綠建材環境效率評估模式(GBMEE)」
三、驗證確立「台灣綠建材環境效率評估模式(GBMEE MODEL)」
(一)擬定綠建材環境效率評估模式之評分準則
(二)驗證確立綠建材環境效率評估模式(GBMEE MODEL)
四、綠建材實證案例環境效率評析結果
本研究共探討三類建材環境效率值之差異性，第一類為經碳盤查之綠建材，第二類為未經碳盤查之綠建材，第三類為一般建材(指未經碳盤查且未符合綠建材評定標準之建材)，分析結果顯示以上三類建材效率值(GBMEE))皆有明顯的集中範圍，將可應用於建材的環境效率評估：
(一)經碳盤查之綠建材環境效率值皆介於 (8.15≧GBMEE≧5.17) 評分值
(二)未經碳盤查之綠建材環境效率值介於 (1.60≧GBMEE≧1.25) 評分值
(三)一般建材之環境效率值皆介於 (0.88≧GBMEE≧0.76) 評分值
五、台灣綠建材之環境效率提升建議
綠建材環境效率可運用於建材生命週期設計(Life Cycle Design)中，有助於台灣綠建材之加值，本研究建議可分別依環境效率面向，由資源利用、能源利用、溫室氣體排放、高性能表現、環境友善及經濟性等6個方面來考量，依據 「台灣綠建材環境效率評估系統」 之評估內容，提出改善環境負荷(Ln)策略以及建材品質(Qn)加值策略，尤其透過溫室氣體盤查了解建材生命週期中能、資源耗用、建材使用及廢棄再生之過程，進而透過減少環境負荷以及建材品質與價值的提升，達成綠建材環境效率之加乘。

Taiwan has a unique sub-tropical island climate. In the development of a green building material (GBM) evaluation system for Taiwan, the evaluation criteria should differ from those in the frigid or temperate zones of the world. The research aimed to provide academia and industry with an appropriate GBM evaluation method and to enhance the effectiveness of GBM. It means GBM should be concerned with creating more value with less impact to achieve Eco-Efficiency.
‘’Eco-Efficiency’’ is the balance of competitively priced goods and services that satisfy human needs and quality of life, while progressively reducing ecological impacts and resource intensity throughout the life-cycle within the Earth’s estimated carrying capacity. We applied the method (Eco-Efficiency=quality/load) to comprehensively consider the efficiency of GBM. First step was to review the literatures to summarize GBM evaluation factors. Second, we conducted two-stage surveys by Fuzzy Delphi Method to analyze the evaluation indicators’ eco-efficiency dimension (quality or load) and the importance of evaluation factors for establishing the Taiwan GBM Eco-Efficiency Evaluation System. Third, we analyzed the priority vector of the evaluation indicators by AHP Method before finally achieving the goal of constructing GBM Eco-Efficiency Model.
The achievement was the creation of ‘’Taiwan GBM Eco-Efficiency Evaluation System’’, and GBM Eco-Efficiency Model. The evaluation indicators included ‘’Resource Utilization (R)’’, ‘’Energy Utilization (E)’’, ‘’Greenhouse Gas Emission (G)’’, ‘’Eco-Friendly (F)’’, ‘’High Performance (H)’’, ‘’Economic (V)’’, and the ’’Taiwan GBM Eco-Efficiency Model’’.
For academic researchers, the current study could provide a systematic reference for the GBM Eco-Efficiency Model in response to enhancing indoor environmental quality and green building environments and could aid in guaranteeing ecological community quality. For users, the value of the GBM Eco-Efficiency Model could facilitate the selection of superior green building material. The model could also lead to enhancements in the quality of Taiwan’s GBM and provide feedback to modify the process as well as reduce adverse environmental loads and negative effects on the global environment and human health. Beginning with eco-efficiency, this model could assist in the optimal strategy of ensuring GBM efficiency and sustainable development.

目 錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
目錄……………………………………………………………………………目錄-1
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………目錄-4
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………目錄-7

第一章 緒論 1-01
1-1 研究動機與目的 1-01
1-1-1研究動機 1-01
1-1-2研究目的 1-02
1-2研究流程與方法 1-03
1-3研究範圍與對象 1-04
第二章 氣候變遷與綠建材環境效率評估發展 2-01
2-1 氣候變遷與國際環境永續發展歷程 2-01
2-1-1氣候變遷與環境影響 2-01
2-1-2國際環境永續發展歷程 2-03
2-2環境效率評估系統發展 2-06
2-2-1環境效率之內涵與操作機制 2-06
2-2-2環境效率之應用研究 2-10
2-3國內外綠建材發展趨勢 2-12
2-3-1國際永續建築評估體系發展 2-12
2-3-2國際綠建材標章制度發展 2-18
2-3-3台灣綠建材標章制度發展 2-23
2-4國內外碳盤查與碳足跡發展趨勢 2-27
2-4-1國際碳盤查與碳足跡之發展 2-27
2-4-2台灣碳足跡評估制度之發展 2-29
2-5國際綠建材評估系統彙整 2-32
第三章 研究方法與調查計畫 3-01
3-1 研究方法 3-01
3-1-1文獻分析法(Document Method) 3-01
3-1-2模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method) 3-03
3-1-3層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP） 3-12
3-2研究調查計畫 3-17
3-2-1研究調查流程 3-17
3-2-2調查對象 3-18
3-2-3問卷內容 3-19
第四章 評估內容重要性篩選與權重分析 4-01
4-1 環境效率面向分群與重要性分析 4-01
4-1-1評估指標環境效率面向分析 4-02
4-1-2評估內容重要性篩選結果與分析 4-03
4-1-3建構綠建材環境效率評估系統 4-20
4-2評估指標權重驗算與分析 4-21
4-2-1評估指標權重調查結果 4-21
4-2-2評估指標權重調查分析 4-21
4-3綠建材環境效率評估模式之推導 4-25
第五章 綠建材環境效率評估模式建構與實例驗證 5-01
5-1綠建材環境效率評估系統評分準則建立 5-01
5-2綠建材實例驗證與分析結果比對 5-07
5-2-1綠建材實例驗證計畫 5-07
5-2-2實例之環境效率值(GBMEE)驗算 5-09
5-2-3驗證分析結果 5-17
5-3綠建材環境效率評估模式回饋確立 5-18
第六章 結論與建議 6-01
6-1結論 6-01
6-2後續研究建議 6-05

參考文獻 參-1

附錄 附-1
附錄一 第一階段模糊德爾菲法專家意見調查問卷 附-1
附錄二 第二階段模糊德爾菲法專家意見調查問卷 附-2
附錄三 第三階段層級分析法專家意見調查問卷 附-3

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