臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究使用數學模式推導出最佳生產批量及最佳運送次數，在不完美生產系統中包含不良品部分可重工修復，以及良品分期定量運送，並統整顧客端的良品持有成本，使期望年存貨成本最小化。假設生產過程不完美，且不良品在進行重工前會先挑出無法重工的部分先予以報廢，而剩下的不良品在重新加工修復後均可以完全修復。由於傳統經濟生產批量(EPQ)所假設的需求為連續運送與現實情況有所差異，故本研究為符合實際狀況，探討分期定量運送模式。

本研究針對以上假設建立三個數學模式：(1) 產品在重工完成後進行運送且包含顧客端存貨持有成本之最佳生產批量及運送次數之決策；(2) 在重工完成前運送且重工時間小於運送間隔時間並包含顧客端存貨成本之最佳生產批量及運送次數之決策；(3) 在重工完成前運送且重工時間大於等於運送間隔時間並包含顧客端存貨成本之最佳生產批量之決策。接著提出實例來做驗證，並對其參數做敏感度分析，期望本研究之模式能夠因應實際情況，提供業界處理不良品重工與分期運送上可以作為參考之依據。

This paper determines the optimal lot size and delivery policy for Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model with reworkable defective items. Traditional EPQ model assumes a continuous delivery policy, but it is not practical. Therefore, this paper studies a multiple delivery policy to conform to the real-life situation. In additions, it is assumed that production process system is imperfect, random defective items are produced due to various inevitable reasons. Not all of defective items are reworkable, a portion of defective items are scrap and are to be discarded before the rework process. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal lot size and delivery policy for such a realistic system in order to minimize its overall costs.
Three different models are investigated in this study, they are: (1) model of delivery shipments after rework with double variable (Q*,n*). (2) model of delivery shipments before rework and rework time greater than each delivery time with double variable (Q*,n*), and (3) model of delivery shipments before rework and rework time less than each delivery time with single variable (Q*). In the last, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate its practical usage.

中文摘要I
AbstractII
誌謝III
目錄IV
圖目錄VII
表目錄XI
第一章 緒論1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究範圍界定與假設3
1.3 研究方法5
1.4 研究步驟與架構5
第二章 文獻探討8
2.1不良品存貨系統之相關文獻9
2.2不良品重工修復之存貨系統相關文獻10
2.3多次運送相關文獻14
2.4 整合供應商和購買者相關之文獻16
第三章 定期等量運送與不完美重工之模式建構19
3.1 符號假設與說明19
3.2 問題描述23
3.3 多次定期等量運送模式建構與推導23
3.3.1產品在重工完成後進行運送之最佳生產批量及運送次數之決策24
3.3.2在重工完成前運送且重工時間小於運送間隔時間之最佳生產批量及運送次數之決策 29
3.3.3在重工完成前運送且重工時間大於等於運送間隔時間之最佳生產批量之決策34
3.3.4在重工完成前運送且重工時間大於等於運送間隔時間並包含顧客端存貨成本之最佳生產批量與運送次數之決策39
第四章 實例驗證與敏感度分析 40
4.1實例驗證一41
4.1.1重工後運送之製造商最生產批量佳與運送次數之模式42
4.1.2重工前運送且重工時間小於運送間隔時間之製造商生產批量與運送次數之模式47
4.2實例驗證二53
4.2.1重工後運送之製造商最生產批量佳與運送次數之模式54
4.2.2重工前運送且重工時間小於運送間隔時間之製造商生產批量與運送次數之模式59
4.3 實例驗證三65
4.3.1重工前運送且重工時間大於等於運送間隔時間之製造商生產批量與運送次數之模式 65
4.4 模式比較分析72
4.4.1重工前與重工後運送之比較72
4.4.2 單變數和雙變數比較76
4.4.3重工前運送之模式轉換79
4.4.4有無報廢品與報廢時間點不同之影響81
第五章 結論與未來研究方向85
5.1 未來研究方向87
參考文獻88
【附錄A】製造端在重工後開始分期運送之存貨成本公式推導A-1
【附錄B】顧客端分期運送之存貨成本公式推導B-1
【附錄C】重工後運送之(Q,n)模式公式推導C-1
【附錄D】製造端在重工前開始分期運送之存貨成本公式推導D-1
【附錄E】重工前運送且t2<tn之(Q,n)模式公式推導E-1
【附錄F】重工時間大於等於運送一次時間之假設推導F-1
【附錄G】重工前運送且t2≧tn之(Q)模式公式推導G-1
【附錄H】重工前運送且t2≧tn之(Q,n)模式公式推導H-1
圖目錄
圖1-1論文流程與架構圖7
圖3-1製造商分期運送在重工後良品之存貨圖24
圖3-2製造商分期運送於重工後不良品之存貨圖25
圖3-3製造商分期運送於重工後報廢品之存貨圖26
圖3-4製造商分期運送在重工前（t2＜tn）良品之存貨圖29
圖3-5製造商分期運送於重工前（t2＜tn）不良品之存貨圖31
圖3-6製造商分期運送於重工前（t2＜tn）報廢品之存貨圖31
圖3-7製造商分期運送在重工前（t2≥tn）良品之存貨圖34
圖3-8製造商分期運送於重工前（t2≥tn）不良品之存貨圖36
圖3-9製造商分期運送於重工前（t2≥tn）報廢品之存貨圖37
圖4-1重工後運送之運送次數與多種成本關係圖43
圖4-2重工後運送之生產批量與多種成本關係圖43
圖4-3重工後運送之不良率與多種成本關係圖44
圖4-4重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對生產批量關係圖45
圖4-5重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本關係圖45
圖4-6重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖46
圖4-7重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖46
圖4-8重工後運送之運送次數、生產批量對期望年存貨總成本曲面
圖4-7重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖46
圖4-9重工前運送（t2＜tn）之運送次數與多種成本關係圖48
圖4-10重工前運送（t2＜tn）之生產批量與多種成本關係圖49
圖4-11重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率與多種成本關係圖49
圖4-12重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率、報廢率對生產批量關係圖50
圖4-13重工前運送t2＜tn）之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本關係圖50
圖4-14重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖51
圖4-15重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖51
圖4-16重工前運送（t2＜tn）之運送次數、生產批量對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖52
圖4-17重工後運送之運送次數與多種成本關係圖55
圖4-18重工後運送之生產批量與多種成本關係圖55
圖4-19重工後運送之不良率與多種成本關係圖56
圖4-20重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對生產批量關係圖56
圖4-21重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本關係圖57
圖4-22重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖57
圖4-23重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖58
圖4-24重工後運送之運送次數、生產批量對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖59
圖4-25重工前運送（t2＜tn）之運送次數與多種成本關係圖60
圖4-26重工前運送（t2＜tn）之生產批量與多種成本關係圖61
圖4-27重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率與多種成本關係圖61
圖4-28重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率、報廢率對生產批量關係圖62
圖4-29重工前運送（t2＜tn）不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖62
圖4-30重工前運送（t2＜tn）不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖63
圖4-31重工前運送（t2＜tn）之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖 63
圖4-32重工前運送（t2＜tn）之製造商不良率與多種成本關係圖64
圖4-33重工前運送（t2≥tn）之生產批量與多種成本關係圖67
圖4-34重工前運送（t2≥tn）之運送次數與多種成本關係圖67
圖4-35重工前運送（t2≥tn）之不良率與多種成本關係圖68
圖4-36重工前運送（t2≥tn）之不良率、報廢率對生產批量關係圖68
圖4-37重工前運送（t2≥tn）之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本關係圖69
圖4-38重工前運送（t2≥tn）之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖69
圖4-39重工前運送（t2≥tn）之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖70
圖4-40重工前運送（t2≥tn）之運送次數、固定運輸成本對最佳生產批量曲面圖70
圖4-41重工前運送（t2≥tn）之運送次數、固定運輸成本對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖71
圖4-40重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之運送次數與多種成本關係圖72
圖4-41重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之生產批量對多種成本關係圖73
圖4-42重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之不良率對多種成本關係圖73
圖4-43重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之不良率對最佳生產批量關係圖74
圖4-44重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之不良率對期望年存貨總成本關係圖74
圖4-45重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量曲面圖75
圖4-46重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之不良率、報廢率對期望年存貨總成本曲面圖75
圖4-47重工前（t2＜tn）運送與重工後運送之不良率與多種成本關係圖76
圖4-48重工後運送之運送次數對期望年總存貨成本關係圖77
圖4-49重工前（t2＜tn）運送之運送次數對期望年總存貨成本關係圖78
圖4-50重工前運送之模式轉換流程圖79
表目錄
表1-1 模式差異表4
表2-1 本研究主要文獻探討比較表18
表3-1 參數符號表19
表4-1實例(一)基本數據假設表41
表4-2實例(二)基本數據假設表53
表4-3實例(三)基本數據假設表65
表4-4單變數和雙變數對期望年總存貨成本比較表77
表4-5單變數和雙變數對期望年總存貨成本比較表78
表4-6重工率之變化對模式間之轉換表80
表4-7運送次數之變化對模式間之轉換表表81
表4-8有無報廢品與報廢時間點之比較表82
表4-9模式一與模式二之基本數據假設表82
表4-10 報廢時間點不同（模式一與模式二）與有無報廢品之數據比較表83
表4-11 模式三之基本數據假設表83
表4-12 報廢時間點不同（模式三）與有無報廢品之數據比較表84

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