臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文主要之研究目的，在於運用不同之計量模型，比較台灣地區影響本籍與外籍配偶生育決策的因素是否存在差異性。實證研究上選用民國92年「台灣地區婦女婚育與就業調查」、「外籍與大陸配偶生活狀況調查」資料。在計量分析上，分別採用普通最小平方法、Logit模型估計，並著重於生男偏好之分析；此外，本文之另一研究重點在於探討無法藉由迴歸模型所捕捉的因素對生育決策的影響。除利用Oaxaca拆解的方法進行估計之外，並且將年群效果納入考量，探討外籍配偶各年群間是否存在生育之差異。
實證結果為，就台灣本籍以及不同來源之外籍配偶而言，「結婚年數」為最重要之影響因子，其次為「婦女之年齡」與「生男偏好」，其他變數如：「夫妻之教育程度」、「夫妻之工作狀況」、「是否與父母同住」皆有顯著與預期相符的結果。在Oaxaca拆解之實證結果為，模型無法解釋的部份佔總生育差異相當大的比重，由此可知，外籍配偶來源國文化等國情因素確為影響台灣本籍與外籍配偶間生育差異之重要來源。
整體之分析顯示，影響台灣地區本籍與外籍婦女生育行為的因素確實存在差異性，且「生男偏好」為其中相當重要之因素，其中，本籍與大陸籍婦女有較相近之影響因子，並與東南亞籍配偶之生育影響因素較不相同。

The purpose of this article is to examine differences in fertility rate between Taiwan, Mainland Chinese, Vietnam, Indonesia, and other Southeast Asian women who get married with Taiwanese husband, aiming to shed some lights on the issue that whether son preference is an important factor and how the background of foreign spouse could explain their fertility differential. The empirical analysis is based on the dataset from the 2003 Taiwan Women’s Marriage, Fertility and Employment Survey and 2003 Survey of Foreign and Mainland Spouses’ Life Status. The methods of the ordinary least square, the Logit model, and the Oaxaca decomposition are employed for analysis. The estimation results indicate that among Taiwanese and foreign spouses, years of marriage is truly the most important variable in explaining the fertility differences. While other personal characteristics, such as age, cohort effect, educational level, living area, son preference, co-residence etc. are all significant in determining the fertility decisions of various groups. Through Oaxaca decomposition, we have reached the conclusion that the unexplained part from the regression accounts for nearly 77% of the logarithmic fertility differential among foreign spouses. It implies that different culture and religion background accounts mainly for the fertility differences between Taiwanese and foreign spouses.

第一章 序論 …………………………………………………1
第二章 文獻回顧 ……………………………………………3
2.1 生育率之相關理論、實證文獻回顧 …………………3
2.2 生男偏好相關文獻 ……………………………………5
2.3 其他影響生育率的因素 ………………………………10
第三章 計量方法與模型 …………………………………16
3.1 計量模型 ………………………………………………16
3.2 Oaxaca拆解之理論架構與研究方法 …………………19
3.3 依年群探討生育差異 …………………………………22
3.4 模型架構 ………………………………………………25
第四章 變數說明與基本統計量 …………………………27
4.1 解釋變數的設定與說明 ………………………………27
4.2 資料來源 ………………………………………………32
4.3 樣本特性 ………………………………………………35
4.4 生男偏好的樣本特性說明 ……………………………38
第五章 實證結果分析 ……………………………………40
5.1 模型一：生育胎數之實證結果 ………………………41
5.2 模型二：生育機率之實證結果 ………………………46
5.3 模型三：Oaxaca拆解之實證結果分析 ………………50
5.4 模型四：依年群衡量生育差異之實證結果分析 ……54
第六章 結論 ………………………………………………58
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………79
中文參考文獻 ………………………………………………79
英文參考文獻 ………………………………………………81

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