臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

顏面三維立體模型的應用範圍相當廣泛，其中醫療用途為目前發展的重點項目之一，例如建立可供量測及預視的顏面立體模型，在整形手術過程中參考使用。由於手術精密程度的要求，醫療與其他用途的顏面立體模型最大差異在於精度需求，醫療用之立體模型其精度需求至少應達到公釐等級以下，且顧及病患的舒適感，建立模型的過程應儘速完成，並讓患者臉部在自然狀態下接受試驗。在考慮上述條件後，本文嘗試以近景攝影測量技術，考量經濟因素情況下，使用一般市售非量測型數位相機以非接觸方法對顏面石膏像進行試驗，配合軟體編修製作，完成影像擷取、標的量測、模型生成等步驟。另一方面以非接觸式的光學量測儀器ATOS製作以點雲方式呈現的石膏像模型，比對兩種模型，檢視以近景攝影量測方式搭配平價的實驗器材，所生成的顏面立體模型其誤差是否符合需求。實驗最後階段以真實人臉進行測試，並以虛擬實境技術展示成果模型，於文章最後提出結論與建議。

The application scope of facial model is quite widespread. Medical use is one of the key projects which develop now. For example, to recognition facial model which in the process of plastic operation for measure or survey in advance. As the result of operation requirement, the most difference of facial model between medical and other use is accuracy requirement, the accuracy of the facial model for medical use should lower than 1mm. Attend to the comfortable of patient, the process of recognition facial model should complete quickly and let the patient’s face accepts the test under the nature state. After considers the above condition and economical factor, this research apply close-range photogrammetry to proceed the experiment of the face plaster cast with general non-metric digital camera. Using software to complete the step including acquisition images, measure 3-D coordinated of control point, generation face model. On the other hand, research establishment plaster figure model which presents by the cloud point according to non-contact optics measurement instrument. To compare two kinds of models, to inspection the error of the facial model which recognition by close-range photogrammetry and fair price experiment equipment whether conforms to the demand. Research experiment with real human face in the final stage, and demonstrates the achievement model by virtual reality modeling language. Finally proposes the conclusion and the suggestion to the article.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究架構 3
第二章 立體量測程序與原理 6
2.1立體量測程序 6
2.2控制點設置與相機率定 9
2.3控制點量測 12
2.4 解算像點物空間坐標 18
第三章 實驗設置與立體量測精確度 21
3.1 實驗設置 21
3.2 實驗器材與方式對立體量測精確度之影響 25
3.3成果檢核 43
第四章 顏面三維模型之建置 47
4.1 影像自動匹配原理 47
4.2 影響生成模型之因素 48
4.3 模型精度檢驗 67
第五章 實際案例 73
5.1 實驗過程 73
5.2 成果模型展示 80
第六章 結論與建議 83
參考文獻 85

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