臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

自古以來人民就有攝取海藻之習慣。野生採集的海藻數量較受到限制，如要大量供貨或工業函工用則需藉由人工大量養殖。海藻人工養殖必先進行人工培苗與育苗之工作。本研究從馬祖水產詴驗所帶回之成熟裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)藻體作為研究材料，利用已養成至成熟藻體，釋放游動孢子並使用不同基質附苗 (圕膠繩、玻片及棉繩)經誘發成絲狀體後，探討裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體最適生長環境條件 (溫度、鹽度、光度)並利用東部開發的低溫且富含豐富營養鹽的深層海水與表層海水兩種水源比較對裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長影響，進而使用實驗設計法探討環境因子交互作用之影響，以供往後培養裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體之依據。將藻體經冷凍乾燥處理後，進行基本成分分析與抗氧化活性分析。
研究結果顯示，以圕膠繩附苗效果最佳、玻片次之、棉繩之效果最差。藻體利用冷凍乾燥處理後測定基本成分與抗氧化活性分析，其中蛋白質含量為10.5±0.1%、脂肪含量1.0±0.3%、粗纖維24.6±1.2%、
II
粗灰分33.0±0.1%。抗氧化物質以多醣含量最高、多酚次之、類黃酮含量最低，抗氧化能力皆高於部分褐藻類，顯示裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)具有很高之總抗氧化力。裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體在溫度10℃-25℃、鹽度20‰-35‰、光強度10 μE.m-2.s-1-100 μE.m-2.s-1之範圍內均可生長，而最適成長條件為溫度15℃、鹽度35‰、光度20 μE.m-2.s-1。比較不同水層 (深層海水與表層海水)培養之裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體，在成長長度與成長率皆以深層海水培養之絲狀體高於表層海水。在溫度、光度、鹽度及不同水層等四個影響因子中，以溫度、光度及不同水層三個因子對裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長長度與成長率有顯著影響，另外，光度與溫度及鹽度因子共存時具有明顯交互作用，會共同影響裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長。裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)成長模式可以方程式表示並預測：Growth rate (%.d-1)=8.18949＋0.73879×溫度－1.02936×光度＋0.63028×鹽度＋1.57756×不同水層 (R=0.92)。

Seaweeds have been eaten by people for a long time, especially in Asia. Seaweeds production was limited in natural environment, thereafter some species have been cultured to meet the market requirement. Seedling cultivation was first technology in seaweed cultivation. In this study, we try to establish a cultivate system with deep seawater to grow seeding of Undaria pinnatifida, and used the fractional factoria design to investigate the interactions of environmental factor for cultivation of U. pinnatifida in future. The sporophytes of thalli and thalli were freezen-dried, study on ingredients and antioxidant activity.
The results showed that seedling using the plastic rope is better than other adhere materials. U. pinnatifida protein content was 10.5 ± 0.1%, fat content of 1.0 ± 0.3%, crude fiber, 24.6 ± 1.2%, crude ash, 33.0 ± 0.1%. Antioxidant property was highest polysaccharide content, the flavonoid content was the lowest, but antioxidant capacity were higher than some other brown seaweeds. U. pinnatifida sporophyte optimal growth conditions for the temperature of 15°C, salinity 35‰, the irradince 20 μE.m-2.s-1. Cultivation of U. pinnatifida sporophyte with deep seawater or surface seawater, the result showed that the growth length and growth rate of U. pinnatifida sporophyte cultured in deep seawater was higher than in the surface seawater. Among the several factors, temperature, irradiance and different seawater types had significantly effect on growth. While there was obrious interaction between irradiance and temperature as well as irradiance and salinity. U. pinnatifida growth modle could be described by statistical analysis and predicted as the following formula: Growth rate (%.d-1)=8.18949＋0.73879× temperature－1.02936× irradiance＋0.63028× salinity＋1.57756× seawater types(R=0.92).

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract III
謝誌 V
目錄 VI
圖目錄 X
表目錄 XII
第一章 前言 1
1-1海藻的基本性質與應用 1
1-2 海藻的生活史型態 3
1-2.1無世代交替型 3
1-2.2 世代交替型 4
1-3 大型海藻的人工養殖與方式 5
1-3.1育苗主要有下列三種方法： 5
1-3.2 養成方法主要有三種： 6
1-4 環境因子對海藻生長之影響 7
1-4.1 溫度 7
1-4.2 鹽度 8
1-4.3 光度 8
1-4.4 營養鹽 9
1-5 深層海水 (Deep SeaWater) 9
1-5.1深層海水之介紹 9
1-5.2深層海水的基本特性 10
1-5.3深層海水的應用 10
1-5.4利用深層海洋水養殖海藻 11
1-6 實驗藻種介紹 11
第二章 材料與方法 13
2-1 裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)之採集與孢子之釋放 13
2-1.1 裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)採集 13
2-1.2 裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)不同基質附苗之製備 13
2-1.3 孢子釋放之方法 13
2-1.4 PES 培養液與GeO2溶液之製備 17
2-2裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)藻體之成分分析 17
2-2.1 成分分析前置作業與流程 17
2-2.2 凱氏(kjeldahl)蛋白質定量 (AOAC, 1990) 19
2-2.3 粗脂肪之分析 22
2-2.4 粗纖維分析法 (AOAC, 1990) 23
2-2.5 粗灰分分析 (Ash) (AOAC, 1990) 24
2-3裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)藻體抗氧化成分之活性分析 25
2-3.1 藻體之萃取 25
2-3.2 測定多酚化合物含量 25
2-3.3 測定多醣含量 25
2-3.4 測定類黃酮含量 26
2-3.5 測定葉綠素含量 26
2-3.6 測定類胡蘿蔔素含量 26
2-3.7 DPPH自由基清除能力 28
2-3.8 超氧陰離子清除能力 28
2-3.9 還原力測定 29
2-3.10 亞鐵離子螯合能力 29
2-4 表層與深層海水水體中營養鹽之測定 30
2-5 環境因子對絲狀體成長之影響 30
2-5.1 實驗前置作業 30
2-5.2 不同溫度與對絲狀體成長實驗 31
2-5.3 不同鹽度對絲狀體成長實驗 31
2-5.4 不同光度對絲狀體成長實驗 32
2-6 環境因子交互作用成長之影響 32
2-7 成長率之計算 34
2-8 統計分析 34
第三章 結果與討論 35
3-1 裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)藻體基本成分分析之結果 35
3-2 裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)藻體抗氧化成分之活性分析結果 37
3-3裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)培苗及基質對附苗之影響 41
3-4表層與深層海水水體中營養鹽測定之結果 47
3-5 環境因子對裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長之影響 49
3-5.1不同溫度對裙帶菜(U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長上之影響 49
3-5.2不同鹽度對裙帶菜(U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長上之影響 52
3-5.3不同光度對裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)絲狀體成長上之影響 55
3-6 環境因子交互作用之影響 59
3-6.1影響裙帶菜(U. pinnatifida)成長重要因子之探討 59
3-6.2影響裙帶菜 (U. pinnatifida)成長重要因子交互作用之探討 62
第四章 結論 66
第五章 參考文獻 67
作者簡介 76

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