臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，全球經濟動盪不安。在原物料的上漲加上東南亞及大陸廉價勞工因素下，台灣產業在這波不景氣中，同樣受到不小的衝擊。許多台灣產業紛紛將工廠外移到其他國家。而能夠根留台灣的產業通常必須努力從過去的代工生產型態轉型為設計代工、甚至於自有品牌的經營，期望能在不景氣的經濟中保有持續不斷的競爭力。
以中小企業為主體的台灣產業，多半因為資金以及資源限制的因素，導致研發工作只侷限於風險較小的連續式創新上，這樣的情形對企業提升競爭力並無顯著的幫助。若是能有更完善的一套產品開發流程，使得台灣產業在不連續式創新產品研發上有更為完善的規劃，對於台灣產業的創新研發工作的提升必定可以產生莫大的幫助。
本研究以產業持久創新研發為目標，藉由過去學者所提出的產品開發流程概念，提出能夠包含企業整體長期創新研發規劃的產品開發流程架構，定義為創新工程。再從創新工程為出發點建構出產品創新研發流程，藉由流程工具IDEF0將流程解析，使流程細部資訊能夠更加清楚。期望藉由本創新工程的流程建構，建立一套企業循環不斷的產品開發流程，協助企業在創新產品研發工作上進行提昇，以達成台灣產業持久創新之目標。

關鍵字：持久創新、創新工程、產品創新研發流程

In recent years, the world economy is quite instable. Industries in Taiwan have also been severely impacted due to high-rising material price and cheap labor effort in China and some southeastern Asia countries. Some industries have to relocate to the other countries. For those who decide to stay in Taiwan, they must change from OEM to ODM and even OBM to maintain competitive.
Because most of the Taiwanese industries are small to medium sized and they all have limited capital and resources, most of them can focus only on continuous innovation which can not contribute too much to future competitiveness. In case there is a complete innovation and R&D process available, these industries will have chances to develop their own capability for possible discontinuous innovation. Under the circumstanbces, it is hopeful that Taiwan industry’s future competitiveness will be improved.
The purpose of this study is to define innovation engineering for the objective of permanent innovation by investigating available references on the topics of R&D processes. With the concept of innovation engineering, this study defines the innovation and R&D process in details, and uses IDEF0 to depict the entire process for better understanding. With the depicted process, the outcome of this research may help industries establishing a cycling process for continuous as well as discontinuous innovation.

Keywords: Permanent innovation, Innovation engineering, Product innovation and R&D process

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 研究架構與內容大綱 5
第2章 文獻探討 8
2.1 持久創新文獻探討 8
2.1.1 創新知識基礎定義 8
2.1.2 創新的四種型態 14
2.2 產品投資組合文獻探討 16
2.3 新產品開發流程文獻探討 19
2.3.1 新產品定義 19
2.3.2 新產品開發流程文獻探討 22
2.3.3 循序工程與同步工程比較 29
2.3.4 創造力工程文獻探討 33
2.4 新產品開發流程之工具應用 37
2.4.1 產品概念前端之工具應用 38
2.4.2 整體創新研發規劃之工具應用 43
2.4.3 產品設計過程之工具應用 52
2.5 IDEF文獻探討 64
2.5.1 IDEF家族介紹 64
2.5.2 IDEF0功能模型 67
2.5.3 IDEF0之優缺點 70
2.6 小結 71
2.6.1 包含消費者資訊回饋的新產品開發流程 71
2.6.2 創新工程 75
第3章 研究方法 79
3.1 研究範圍 79
3.2 研究工具 79
3.3 產品創新研發流程 80
第4章 創新產品研發流程之IDEF0表述 88
4.1 產品創新研發流程之IDEF0表述 88
4.1.1 長期整體研發規劃 101
4.1.2 產出創新投資組合 105
4.1.3 新產品研發分析與規劃 107
4.1.4 概念發展 110
4.1.5 產品設計 113
4.1.6 原型製作與測試 115
第5章 結論與未來研究建議 117
5.1 結論 117
5.2 未來研究建議 120
參考文獻 122
附錄1 39個工程參數 132
附錄2 TRIZ矛盾矩陣表 136
附錄3 SCE研發流程知識體系 145
附錄4 SCPD研發流程知識體系 146
圖目錄
圖1- 1微笑曲線VS. OEM/ODM/OBM 工業 ..................................................... 2
圖1- 2產品開發各階段所影響的產品成本 ....................................................... 3
圖1- 3研究架構流程圖 ....................................................................................... 6
圖2- 1四種型式創新 ......................................................................................... 14
圖2- 2連續增值創新 ......................................................................................... 15
圖2- 3產品投資組合架構圖 ............................................................................. 18
圖2- 4產品生命週期曲線圖 ............................................................................. 21
圖2- 5新產品開發活動整合模式 ..................................................................... 23
圖2- 6新產品開發的前端活動之模式 ............................................................. 27
圖2- 7傳統的產品開發流程 ............................................................................. 29
圖2- 8循序工程產品開發次序 ......................................................................... 30
圖2- 9同步工程產品開發次序 ......................................................................... 32
圖2- 10同步工程下的產品開發流程 ............................................................... 32
圖2- 11上迴圈(HIGH CYCLE) ............................................................................ 34
圖2- 12下迴圈(LOW CYCLE) ............................................................................. 35
圖2- 13 PKI系統整合KM與IM、由CE升級到CE-II ....................................... 37
圖2- 14心智圖範例 ........................................................................................... 39
圖2- 15技術地圖流程 ....................................................................................... 40
圖2- 16「技術推」與「市場拉」能力雷達圖 ................................................ 41
圖2- 17分析方格 ............................................................................................... 42
圖2- 18全錄黑白數位產品市場地圖 ............................................................... 44
圖2- 19基本型態之技術地圖 ........................................................................... 45
圖2- 20平衡計分卡策略地圖架構 ................................................................... 51
圖2- 21策略地圖之通用模式 ........................................................................... 52
圖2- 22品質屋 ................................................................................................... 54
圖2- 23品質屋實行步驟 ................................................................................... 54
圖2- 24古典TRIZ架構圖 .................................................................................. 57
圖2- 25矛盾矩陣表 ........................................................................................... 59
圖2- 26 TRIZ 概念流程圖 ................................................................................. 59
圖2- 27物理矛盾流程圖 ................................................................................... 60
圖2- 28技術矛盾流程圖 ................................................................................... 60
圖2- 29技術矛盾流程圖 ................................................................................... 61
圖2- 30典型的DFMA流程圖 ........................................................................... 63
圖2- 31 IDEF0功能箱 ....................................................................................... 68
圖2- 32 IDEF0節點圖 ....................................................................................... 69
圖2- 33 IDEF0之階層模式 ............................................................................... 69
圖2- 34以創造力工程為基礎的產品開發流程 ............................................... 72
圖2- 35包含消費者資訊回饋的微笑曲線 ....................................................... 73
圖2- 36持續循環的產品生命週期曲線 ........................................................... 75
圖2- 37包含消費者資訊回饋的新產品開發流程 ........................................... 75
圖2- 38創新工程(INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING) .................................................. 78
圖3- 1產品創新研發流程架構圖 ..................................................................... 82
圖3- 2產品創新研發流程 ................................................................................. 85
圖4- 1產品創新研發流程IDEF0整體分類圖 ................................................. 90
圖4- 2產品創新研發流程之IDEF0細部分解 ................................................. 91
圖4- 3產品創新研發流程節點圖 ..................................................................... 92
圖4- 5產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A0) ............................................................ 94
圖4- 6產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A1) ............................................................ 95
圖4- 7產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A2) ............................................................ 96
圖4- 8產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A3) ............................................................ 97
圖4- 9產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A4) ............................................................ 98
圖4- 10產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A5) .......................................................... 99
圖4- 11產品創新研發流程IDEF圖(A6) ........................................................ 100
圖4- 12產品-製程變更矩陣 ........................................................................... 107
表目錄
表2- 1創造力的定義 ........................................................................................... 9
表2- 2創新的定義 ............................................................................................. 11
表2- 4專利地圖可提供的情報及有用資訊表 ................................................. 48
表2- 5 IDEF家族系列 ........................................................................................ 65
表2- 6各項功能說明 ......................................................................................... 68
表3- 1符號定義 ................................................................................................. 84

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