成年子女與父母親是否同住是「核心家庭」與「折衷家庭」型態之間的重要區隔，而各類家庭組織型態之間數量的相對變化則間接影響社會整體住宅的需求，爰瞭解兩世代之間是否傾向同住，又或者該同住現象受何因素影響，是高齡化社會中的重要議題。世代個體的「同住傾向」與現實發生的「同住現象」代表不同意義；前者僅為個人意願而後者則為實際事件；近來文獻多著重於後者的研究，而鮮少以同住傾向為研究範疇；此外，過往研究多僅依個人觀點下討論居住安排現象，未能同時結合兩世代觀點加以討論，易形成居住安排方案設定上的不合理。有鑒於此，本研究將先以世代同住傾向的探勘為主，瞭解不同世代的同住傾向將受何因素影響，爾後並嘗試改善過往研究方法上過於單一面向的盲點，改以家族為觀點討論居住安排現象。
本研究以華人家庭動態資料庫為資料來源，採用(1)親代樣本及(2)子代樣本各別建立同住傾向的二項羅吉特模型分析兩世代的同住傾向將受何因素影響，並進一步連結兩代資料為(3)對應樣本以建構家族居住安排現象的巢式羅吉特模型，用以納入兩代屬性解釋居住安排現象。研究結果指出，子代的孝道觀念顯著影響其同住傾向，但兩代的同住傾向卻不一定反映在居住安排上的同住現象；而部分變數對兩世代而言在同住傾向與居住安排現象之間為反向效果，可能將促使意願與現實之間的落差，並顯示了居住安排上的不一致狀況。

“Co-residence or not” between old parents and adult children is the critical difference between nuclear family and stem family, and the dynamic of such family types will indirectly influence the demand of housing need. Therefore, it is relatively important to figure out generations’ preference and what is going to affect it. Living arrangement preference representing personal willingness and may be different from reality, whereas most literature focused on current living arrangement of individual instead of personal preference. Besides, previous study often investigated such research on separated perspective of generations but combine both views within a general living arrangements framework.
In this study, firstly I focused on factors which might influence “co-residence preference” from both generations, and secondly related both generations’ attributes to discriminate living arrangement types from family perspective. Data from PSFD (Panel Study of Family Dynamics) was applied as Parent sample and Child sample to investigate “binary logit model” on co-residence preference separately. Furthermore, I related these sample into dyads to construct a “nested logit model” on “family living arrangements” with generations’ attributes. The result implied that filial norms might positively affect co-residence preference in child’s view, but preferences from both generations were not necessary reflecting on real living arrangement. I also found some factors that might positively affect co-residence preference but negatively in real co-residence, it revealed the discordance between reality and preference, thus such result implicated the dilemma between generations.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與目的 1
第二節 研究內容與方法 4
壹、研究內容 4
貳、研究方法 6
第三節 研究架構 8
第二章 文獻回顧 9
第一節 居住安排現象之影響因素 9
壹、親代居住安排 10
貳、子代居住安排 14
參、代間互動 16
第二節 居住安排偏好之影響因素 18
第三節 孝道觀念與同住之關係 20
第四節 小結 22
第三章 理論模型建立 24
第一節 間斷選擇模型 25
壹、個體選擇模式 25
貳、二項羅吉特模型(Binary Logit Model) 27
參、多項羅吉特模型(Multinomial Logit Model) 28
肆、巢式羅吉特模型(Nested Logit Model) 29
第二節 羅吉特模型統計特性 32
壹、參數校估 32
貳、模型配適程度 33
參、參數分析 36
第四章 資料彙整與分析 38
第一節 資料來源與樣本篩選 38
壹、資料來源 38
貳、樣本篩選及資料處理 39
第二節 資料分析 40
壹、樣本敘述統計 40
貳、卡方檢定與單因子變異數檢定 45
參、居住安排現象及同住傾向之交叉分析 52
第五章 實證模型 54
第一節 實證變數定義 55
第二節 模型架構設定 64
壹、同住傾向二項羅吉特模型 64
貳、家族居住安排巢式羅吉特模型 66
第三節 實證分析結果 71
壹、模型估計結果評估 71
貳、變數影響方向 77
參、勝算比及彈性計算 79
第四節 討論 84
壹、變數影響方向與預期不符 84
貳、居住環境變數與居住安排現象 85
參、同住傾向模型及同住現象模型之變數比較 87
肆、同住傾向與孝道觀念對同住現象之影響 88
第六章 結論與建議 89
第一節 結論 89
第二節 研究限制 90
第三節 建議 92
參考文獻 94

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