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研究生:陳安嬌
研究生(外文):Chen, An-Chiao
論文名稱:教育不均、平均教育與幸福之關係—跨國分析研究
論文名稱(外文):The Relationship Between Education Inequality, Average Education, and Happiness – A Cross-Nation Analysis
指導教授:陶宏麟陶宏麟引用關係
指導教授(外文):Tao, Hung-Lin
口試委員:黃芳玫傅祖壇
口試委員(外文):Huang, Fung-meyFu, Tsu-Tan
口試日期:2013-06-14
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:東吳大學
系所名稱:經濟學系
學門:社會及行為科學學門
學類:經濟學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2013
畢業學年度:101
語文別:中文
論文頁數:113
中文關鍵詞:教育幸福教育不均平均教育
外文關鍵詞:EducationHappinessEducation inequalityAverage education
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  • 下載下載:90
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本研究合併使用世界價值觀調查(World Values Survey,簡稱WVS)之第三波至第五波數據,與Wail et al.(2011)使用Barro and Lee(2010)的資料計算出146個國家,從1950年至2010年以5年為區間之教育吉尼係數,故總共70個國家進行分析。從文獻可以知道,在教育與幸福的研究中,同時考慮地位、所得與健康進行分析後,教育對幸福的關係下降,甚至不顯著。因此本研究主要探討在不同教育不均與不同平均教育水準的社會下,教育透過地位、所得、健康等變數對幸福的影響差異,並多加入生活掌控變數檢驗是否能解釋教育對幸福的剩餘影響。在開始分析前,先以敘述統計的方式,初步檢視在不同情況下,各教育程度者的各變數平均水準,藉此了解教育程度與各變數之關係。接著利用OLS(ordinary least squares)進行迴歸分析,以逐一及合併加入地位、所得、健康、生活掌控等變數的方式,分別討論教育對幸福的影響是否因教育不均、平均教育、教育不均與平均教育而有不同。實證結果顯示,教育不均與平均教育均會影響教育透過各管道對幸福的影響,而在教育分配不均或平均教育水準低的社會,教育透過地位與所得影響幸福的程度比較高。
This research combines and utilizes data from the third and fifth waves of the World Values Survey (WVS) and the data from Barro and Lee (2010) used by Wail et al. (2011) to calculate the Gini coefficients for education in 146 nations for the 5-year intervals between 1950 and 2010, and a total of 70 nations are analyzed. It can be observed from various literatures that, among studies on education and happiness, as social status, income, and health are all considered, the relationship of education to happiness declines or even becomes insignificant. Therefore, this research explores in societies with different education inequality and different average education levels, the difference in the impact of education on happiness through variables such as social status, income, and health, and examines whether the residual impact education has on happiness is explainable by adding living control variables. Before analysis commences, descriptive statistics are first applied to perform preliminary survey under different conditions on the average values of the variables of people with different education levels, so as to understand the relationships between education level and the variables. Subsequently, ordinary least squares (OLS) are used for regression analysis to add, one at a time and in groups, such variables as social status, income, health, and living control, and individual discussions are provided on whether the impact of education on happiness changes because of education inequality, average education, and both education inequality and average education. Empirical results indicate that both education inequality and average education will affect the impact of education on happiness via different channels, and that in societies with unequal education or low average education levels, education has higher degrees of impact on happiness via social status and income.
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究流程與架構 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
第一節 教育與其他變數之相關文獻 4
第二節 教育、其他變數與幸福之相關文獻 5
第三節 小結 9
第三章 資料來源與樣本特性 10
第一節 資料來源 10
第二節 變數說明與樣本特性 10
第四章 實證方法與模型 18
第一節 實證方法 18
第二節 實證模型 25
第五章 實證分析與討論 29
第一節 教育對幸福的影響是否因教育不均而不同 29
第二節 教育對幸福的影響是否因平均教育而不同 48
第三節 教育對幸福的影響是否因教育不均與平均教育而不同 65
第六章 結論與建議 82
參考文獻 86
附錄 90
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