臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
本研究在供應鏈環境下探討製造商於不完美生產系統下之配送策略與配送至多個購買者的最佳批量與配送次數，並且考量生產過程中有部份不良品產生，所產生的不良品無法重工修復需全部報廢。
另有關產品配送的部份，由於過去傳統基本經濟生產批量模式常假設需求為連續配送，惟該項假設並非符合所有實際情況，因為當製造商將產品配送至購買者時，除連續配送外亦經常使用定量批次的配送方式，本研究考量亦有製造商採用定量批次的運送方式，故針對該情形建立一存貨模式為單一製造商於生產後配送至多個購買者的多次配送策略存貨模式，並使用海珊矩陣（Hessian Matrix Equations）證明本研究所建構數學模式成本函數存在極小值，得到「最佳生產批量」與「最佳配送次數」兩個決策變數。並提出相關數值假設進行決策變數驗證，最後並針對相關參數值進行敏感度分析與相關模式之比較，期望本研究所建立的模式能夠提供業界作為實務上決策的參考。

關鍵詞：不良品、報廢品、定量多次配送、多個購買者、最佳生產批量、最佳配送次數。

Abstract
This study is concerned with determining the optimal lot size and frequency of deliveries strategy for a single-manufacturer multiple buyers in supply chain environment with imperfect production. That is there are some defective items produced, and they cannot be repaired and become scrap.
As to the product delivery policy, traditional economy production quantity (EPQ) model assumes continuous deliveries. However this assumption doesn’t match with actual situation. While Product delivery from producer to consumer, they’ll use fixed-amount quantity multiple deliveries method. This study considers a single-producer multiple-customers with multi-delivery policy. Hessian Matrix Equations are used to prove this constructs math model’s cost exist minimum value, and derive the best production amount and best delivery times strategies accordingly. It offers relative value assumption to prove strategy variable.
Finally, use relative parameter to proceeds sensitive analysis and relative mode comparison. We expect this research can offer the practical policy-making for companies.

Key words: Defective product, Unusable product, Mulit-delivery in a fixed-amount quantity, multi-purchasers, The best production amount, Best delivery times.

目錄
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究範圍與界定 2
1.3 研究方法 3
1.4 研究流程與架構圖 3
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1經濟生產批量(Economic Production Quantity, EPQ)及經濟訂購批量(Economic Order Quantity, EOQ) 6
2.2不良品及報廢品之相關文獻 7
2.2.1不良品相關文獻 7
2.2.2報廢品相關文獻 10
2.3多次配送相關文獻 13
2.4 整合製造商和購買者相關之文獻 15
2.5多個購買者相關之文獻 16
第三章 建構不完美生產系統下單一製造商配送至多個購買者配送策略模式 18
3.1問題描述與符號假設 18
3.2本研究公式推導 20
第四章 數值驗證與敏感度分析 25
4.1 本模式之數值驗證與敏感度分析 25
4.1.1配送次數與多種成本關係分析 27
4.1.2生產批量與多種成關係分析 28
4.1.3配送次數及生產批量對期望年總成本分析 31
4.2 配送模式比較分析 32
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 35
5.1 結論 35
5.2 未來研究方向 36
參考文獻 38
【附錄A】製造商於配送時間內存貨公式推導 44
【附錄B】多個購買者存貨持有公式推導 45
圖目錄
圖1-1研究流程與架構圖 5
圖3-1本研究之製造商良品存貨圖 21
圖3-2本研究之製造商不良品存貨圖 22
圖3-3配送次數決策過程圖 24
圖4-1本研究配送次數與多種成本之關係圖 28
圖4-2本研究生產批量與多種成本之關係圖 29
圖4-3 本研究報廢率對最佳生產批量線圖 30
圖4-4本研究報廢率對最佳期望年總成本線圖 30
圖4-5本研究配送次數及生產批量對期望年總成本之曲面圖 31
圖4-6本研究顧客數與期望年總成本之關係 33
圖4-7本研究顧客數與配送次數之關係 33
圖4-8本研究固定運送成本對期望年總成本之關係圖 34
表目錄
表3-1本研究之參數假設表 18
表4-1本模式之敏感度分析事項表 25
表4-2本模式之數值假設表 26
表5-1製造商產品配送決策條件表 36

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