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"Niu-chang-chih" is endemic to Taiwan and is known only restricted to a Taiwan endemic tree species: Cinnamomum kanehirai Hay.The species is famous and highly valued in Taiwan as a medicine. The fruit body morphology of this species corresponds with Antrodia P. Karst fairly well. As with similar micromorphologic characteristics among Antrodia, Antrodiella and Diplomitoporus, the decay characteristics and the type of the spores were the main emphasis for their morphological classification. But it is arguable for their delimitation. And what is more, Fomitopsis and Gloeophyllum also have similar morphology with "niu-chang-chih". To discuss phylogenetic relationships of "niu-chang-chih", DNAs representing the complete sequence of 18S rDNA of polypores were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The complete nucleotide sequences of the 18S rDNA were obtained and analyzed to study the relationship of "niu-chang-chih" among some other related genera of the polyporaceae, The phylogenetic tree of the polypores were defined and based on the maximum parsimony analysis.In this study,we find the "Niu-chang-chih" is far distance relationship with Gloeophyllum, and closer to Antrodiella. Moreover, the results also support the classification of the genera except "niu-chang-chih". More researches need to be done in order to determine its classification.
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