臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文以水庫淤泥燒製之輕質粒料，製作全尺寸輕質粒料混凝土RC構件之承重行為與尺寸效應，進行無偏心之載重試驗。試體斷面採用方形柱，邊長分24cm，36cm及48cm三種，柱之細長比統一取21.6，各式斷面對應的柱試體長度分別為150cm、225cm及300cm。製作柱試體之混凝土強度包括245 kgf/cm2及350 kgf/cm2兩種。各組柱之補強鋼筋均依ACI規範之最小鋼筋比設計。
試驗結果顯示，輕質混凝土柱的破壞過程近似於常重混凝土柱者，柱體破壞都是在中間部位產生剪斜裂縫。承受相同載重下，輕質混凝土柱會產生較大變位。中、小型輕質混凝土柱的極限載重試驗值(Pu,t)與ACI標稱強度計算值(Pn,max)相近，表示ACI建議的標稱強度可適用於中、小型輕質混凝土柱的設計。輕質混凝土柱的Pu,t/ Pn,max值皆隨柱尺寸之增加而減小；混凝土強度越高，其Pu,t/ Pn,max值也愈低。這些現象都顯示輕質混凝土柱具有尺寸效應，在設計上應考慮該尺寸效應。

In this research the full size lightweight aggregate concrete columns, made with sedimentary lightweight aggregate were cast to investigate the behavior of axial loading capacity and the size effect. Three sections of square column specimen adopted in this experiment are 24x24cm, 36x36cm and 48x48cm. The slenderness ratio of all columns is taken as 21.6, and the corresponding heights of specimens are 150cm, 225cm, and 300cm, respectively. Two concrete compressive strength of 245 kgf/cm2 and 350 kgf/cm2 were selected. Each column was arranged with minimum reinforcements according to ACI code.
Test result indicates that the failure mode of lightweight concrete column is similar to that of normal weight concrete column. Both of them failed by occurring inclined shear cracks appear at the middle part of column specimen. Under the same axial loading, lightweight concrete column demonstrates larger displacement. The measured ultimate strengths(Pu,t) of lightweight concrete column of medium (36x36cm) and small (24x24cm) size are similar to that of ACI nominal strength (Pn,max). This means that the nominal strength suggested by ACI can be applied on the strength prediction of medium and small size lightweight concrete column. In addition, it was also found that the Pu,t/Pn,max value of lightweight concrete column decreases with the increase of column size, and the higher the strength of concrete, the lower the Pu,t/Pn,max value. This results indicate that the lightweight concrete column has the incentive of size effect. Therefore, the size effect should be considered in the design of lightweight concrete column.

摘要I
AbstractII
誌 謝III
目錄IV
表目錄VII
圖目錄VIII
第一章 緒論1
1-1 前言1
1-2 輕質混凝土之定義2
1-3 研究目的與方法2
第二章 文獻回顧3
2-1 輕質粒料類型與基本特性3
2-2 輕質粒料混凝土的定義與特質5
2-3 輕質粒料混凝土之工程性質5
2-3-1 單位重6
2-3-2 吸水率6
2-3-3 乾縮及潛變7
2-3-4 耐火性8
2-4 界面過度區之微結構與性質8
2-5 輕質粒料混凝土之力學性質9
2-5-1 抗壓強度10
2-5-2 應力-應變關係11
2-5-3 輕質粒料混凝土之受力特性11
2-6 鋼筋混凝土柱12
第三章 試驗計劃24
3-1 試驗規劃24
3-1-1 試體規劃24
3-2 試驗材料24
3-3 試體製作程序25
3-4 試驗設備26
3-5 試驗方法與步驟 27
3-5-1 混凝土配比設計28
3-5-2 試體製作30
3-5-3 混凝土工程性質試驗31
3-5-4 混凝土柱之載重試驗31
第四章 結果分析與討論43
4-1 柱之破壞模式與承載力43
4-2 載重-變位關係44
4-3 軸壓強度試驗值與ACI規範值之比較45
4-4 混凝土柱之尺寸效應46
第五章 結論54
參考文獻55
表目錄
表2-1 輕質粒料之種類與基本物理性質15
表2-2 CNS及ASTM對輕質粒料混凝土強度之規定15
表3-1 柱之試體尺寸（單位：cm）33
表3-2 水泥之基本性質34
表3-3 常重粗粒料之篩分析34
表3-4 常重細粒料之篩分析35
表3-5 常重粗細粒料之物理性質35
表3-6 輕質粗粒料之篩分析35
表3-7 輕質粗粒料之物理性質36
表3-8 強塑劑性質36
表3-9 鋼筋的機械特性36
表3-10 混凝土配比37
表4-1 柱試體之軸壓載重試驗結果與變位48
表4-2 柱試驗之軸壓載重試驗值與ACI規範計算值之比較49
圖目錄
圖2-1 以水庫淤泥燒製之輕質粒料16
圖2-2 骨材界面過渡區組構17
圖2-3 界面過渡區之水化產物分佈18
圖2-4 輕質粒料混凝土 (L41-28之界面過渡區SEM) (倍率 2,500)19
圖2-5 常重粒料混凝土 (N41-28之界面過渡區SEM) (倍率 2,500)19
圖2-6 輕質粒料混凝土L41-28之界面過渡區SEM (倍率 10,000)20
圖2-7 常重粒料混凝土N41-28之界面過渡區SEM (倍率 10,000)20
圖2-8 水泥用量與輕質粒料混凝土抗壓強度關係21
圖2-9 輕質粒料混凝土抗壓強度與水泥砂漿、骨材強度間的關係21
圖2-10 輕質粒料混凝土之分界強度22
圖2-11 輕質粒料混凝土與常重混凝土之強度發展曲線22
圖2-12 混凝土承力系統23
圖3-1 柱試體之尺寸及鋼筋配置38
圖3-2 應變計配置39
圖3-3 雙軸式混凝土拌和機39
圖3-4 3000T MTS結構試驗系統40
圖3-5 應變計（Strain Gage）40
圖3-6 3-12 UCAM-60A 資料擷取器41
圖3-7 Controls 200噸抗壓試驗機41
圖3-8 柱試體之試驗配置42
圖4-1 鋼筋混凝土柱無偏心軸壓之破壞模式50
圖4-2 混凝土之載重-變位關係51
圖4-3 不同強度輕質混凝土柱之載重-變位關係51
圖4-4 不同強度常重混凝土柱之載重-變位關係52
圖4-5 輕質混凝土柱之軸壓試驗值與ACI規範計算值之比較53
圖4-6 常重混凝土柱之軸壓試驗值與ACI規範計算值之比較53

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