臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

全球資訊網上的資訊及使用者網站使用行為都是隨時在改變的，網站使用行為是相當複雜的議題。而網站工作紀錄分析法具有不干擾使用者的特性，極具客觀性，相當適合網站使用行為的研究與分析。本研究以財政部全球資訊網為研究個案，藉由分析其網站首頁版面及主要導覽設計，瞭解其網站提供的資訊內容，並運用網站工作紀錄分析方法，瞭解網站的造訪情形和使用行為，並評估其網站導覽設計。
研究發現訪客對財政部網站有很高的使用意願及資訊需求，訪客造訪網站的訪客總數及造訪總人次以5月最高，造訪時間與日常生活作息很有關連。訪客主要利用Yahoo!及Google兩大搜尋引擎到達網站，其次為採取直接到達方式及透過其他政府機關網站、投資理財網站及社群網站等連結。利用搜尋引擎到站的訪客大多直接使用財政部等機關名稱與相關業務為關鍵字進行查詢。
首頁及新聞稿相關網頁是訪客最常使用的進站網頁及最常瀏覽的網頁，網站的主要瀏覽路徑有許多和新聞稿有關，使用者在這些網頁間來回瀏覽。而以首頁進站的訪客，除了進入新聞稿相關網頁之外，還會進入核心業務、法令查詢和一般民眾推薦連結等網頁。研究發現訪客造訪財政部全球資訊網的使用模式為目的性使用，許多訪客僅關注新聞稿等最新訊息。
研究根據分析結果及發現提出網站首頁版面設計、網站系統設計及經營之建議，並建議後續研究採用其他研究方法更全面瞭解網站使用行為，並發展資料探勘及資訊視覺化的技術和方法，有助巨量的網站工作紀錄的分析與研究。

The web log analysis is the measurement and interpretation of website usage data based on log files generated by web servers. This approach is an unobtrusive method that does not require the researcher to intrude into the use of web users. Our research is a case study of the Ministry of Finance website, which studied and analyzed user behaviors using web log analysis. We also explored how visitors navigate within the structure of the website.
Through the detailed studies of statistical data, we found that most visitors used Yahoo! and Google search engines to access the Ministry of Finance websites. They usually used terms related to the organizations and functions of the Ministry of Finance as the search queries. Some visitors accessed the website by entering the URL directly or using the bookmark stored in advance. Few visitors used links of other sites, such as subordinate agencies websites, investment websites and social networking websites, to access the Ministry of Finance websites.
In addition, the most common landing pages and the most frequently used pages were the homepage and pages related to press releases statements. Some visitors went back and forth between these pages. Research shows that those who visited the Ministry of Finance website did so to complete specific tasks. We also found that the time of access is greatly associated with the schedules of everyday life.
Our research suggests ways to improve the web page design, Internet system and management systems. Finally, we hope to encourage further studies targeted towards using other research methods to analyze user behaviors more fully, and developing data mining and information visualization techniques for large-scale behavioral data of the website.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的與問題 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
第一節 電子化政府的發展 7
第二節 網站使用者的行為模式 14
第三節 網站使用行為之資料蒐集及研究方法 23
第四節 網站工作紀錄分析方法的資料和指標 30
第五節 網站工作紀錄分析流程及應用 40
第三章 研究設計與實施 49
第一節 研究方法 49
第二節 研究資料 51
第三節 研究流程及步驟 53
第四節 研究工具 57
第四章 資料分析 65
第一節 使用者造訪網站情形分析 65
第二節 財政部全球資訊網服務架構分析 75
第三節 使用者瀏覽網頁情形分析 82
第四節 使用者到達網站的方式 90
第五章 結論與建議 99
第一節 研究結論 99
第二節 研究建議 103
參考文獻 105
附錄 財政部全球資訊網首頁內容紀錄表 110

一、中文文獻
朱怡玲(2011)。政府機關全球資訊網結合Web2.0社群分享應用概況調查報告。行政院主計處資訊通報，279，6。2012年4月30日，取自http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/public/Data/1151654171.pdf
行政院研考會(2004)。2003電子化政府報告書。2012年8月18日，取自http://www.rdec.gov.tw/public/Data/711615145871.pdf
行政院研考會(2005)。全面提升政府網站服務品質專案。2012年8月18日，取自http://www.rdec.gov.tw/DO/DownloadControllerNDO.asp?CuAttachID=13461
行政院研考會(2010)。政府網站建置及營運作業參考指引。2012年8月18日，取自http://www.webguide.nat.gov.tw/wSite/public/Attachment/f1284711953638.pdf
行政院研考會(2011a)。第四階段電子化政府計畫(101-105)。2012年8月18日，取自http://www.rdec.gov.tw/public/attachment/25311401271.pdf
行政院研考會(2011b)。政府網站營運績效檢核計畫。2011年10月3日。
行政院研考會(2012)。101年個人/家戶數位機會調查報告。2013年10月20日，取自http://www.rdec.gov.tw/public/Attachment/312113493071.pdf
行政院研考會(2013)。民眾對電子化政府相關議題的看法。2013年11月6日，取自http://www.rdec.gov.tw/public/Data/3103110393971.pdf
宋餘俠(2007)。電子化政府實踐與研究。台北市:孫運璿學術基金會。2012年8月18日，取自http://www.sunyunsuan.org.tw/bookfile/39/egovbook.pdf
林頌堅(2000)。從網站工作記錄觀察大學圖書館網站使用情形。大學圖書館，4，2-22。
林頌堅(2008)。以網站流量資料探討使用者的網路使用行為。圖書資訊學研究，2，39-60。
二、英文文獻
Adar, E., Teevan, J., & Dumais, S. T. (2008, April). Large scale analysis of web revisitation patterns. In Proceedings of the twenty-sixth annual SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (pp. 1197-1206). ACM.
Booth, D., & Jansen, B. J. (2008). A Review of Methodologies for Analyzing Websites. In B. Jansen, A. Spink, & I. Taksa (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Web Log Analysis (pp. 143-164). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. doi:10.4018/978-1-59904-974-8
Buscher, G., Cutrell, E., & Morris, M. R. (2009, April). What do you see when you're surfing?: using eye tracking to predict salient regions of web pages. In Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (pp. 21-30). ACM.
Cheng, Z., Gao, B., & Liu, T. Y. (2010, April). Actively predicting diverse search intent from user browsing behaviors. In Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web (pp. 221-230). ACM.
Chilton, L. B., & Teevan, J. (2011, March). Addressing people's information needs directly in a web search result page. In Proceedings of the 20th international conference on World wide web (pp. 27-36). ACM.
Clifton, B. (2012). Advanced web metrics with Google Analytics. Retrieved June 13, 2012, from http://www.advanced-web-metrics.com/google-analytics-book-preview-3e.pdf
Fang, W. (2007). Using google analytics for improving library website content and design: a case study. Retrieved April 21, 2012, from http://libr.unl.edu/LPP/fang.pdf
Ferrini, A., & Mohr, J. J. (2009). Uses, Limitations, and Trends in Web Analytics. In B. Jansen, A. Spink, & I. Taksa (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Web Log Analysis (pp. 124-142). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. doi:10.4018/978-1-59904-974-8
Hallam-Baker, P.M. & Behlendorf, B. ( n.d.) Extended Log File Format. Retrieved August 18,2012, from http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-logfile.html
Hasan, L., Morris, A., & Probets, S. (2009, July). Using Google Analytics to Evaluate the Usability of E-Commerce Sites. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Centered Design: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (pp. 697-706). Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02806-9_81
Haseltine, A., Bornemann, J., Kostura, J., Lester, M., & Stuart, S. (2011). User Testing and Analysis: International Music Coalition Website. Retrieved January 27, 2013, from http://adalinekhaseltine.com/media/IMCUsabilityTestReport.pdf
Ho, A. T. K. (2002). Reinventing local governments and the e-government initiative Public Administration Review, 62(4), 434-444.
Ho, J., Aridor, O., & Parwani, A. V. (2012). Use of contextual inquiry to understand anatomic pathology workflow: Implications for digital pathology adoption. Journal of pathology informatics, 3(1), 35. doi: 10.4103/2153-3539.101794
Holzer M.,You M.B. & Manoharan A.(2010).Digital Governance in Municipalities Worldwide(2009), A Longitudinal Assessment of Municipal Websites Throughout the World;the E-Governance Institute, Rutgers University.
Jansen, B. J., Taksa, I., & Spink, A. (2009). Research and Methodological Foundations of Transaction Log Analysis. In B. Jansen, A. Spink, & I. Taksa (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Web Log Analysis (pp. 1-16). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. doi:10.4018/978-1-59904-974-8
Kruchwitz, U., Lungley, D., Albakour, M. D., & Song, D. (2012). Deriving query suggestions for site search. Retrieved January 27, 2013, from http://csee.essex.ac.uk/staff/udo/papers/kruschwitz_jasist2012_preprint.pdf
Kumar, L., Singh, H., & Kaur, R. (2012, August). Web analytics and metrics: a survey. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (pp. 966-971). ACM.
Kumar, R., & Tomkins, A. (2010, April). A characterization of online browsing behavior. In Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web (pp. 561-570). ACM.
Lindley, S. E., Meek, S., Sellen, A., & Harper, R. (2012, April). It's simply integral to what I do: enquiries into how the web is weaved into everyday life. In Proceedings of the 21st international conference on World Wide Web (pp. 1067-1076). ACM.
Michailidou, E. (2007). A pilot eye-tracking study: Understanding how visually complex web pages influence visual attention. Retrieved January 27, 2013, from http://wel-eprints.cs.manchester.ac.uk/102/3/Michailidou_EyeTrackingStudy.pdf
Nawaz, A., & Clemmensen, T. (2010). Using card sorting to explore collectivism in students’ approaches on a university website. DHRS2010, 15. Retrieved January 27, 2013, from http://akira.ruc.dk/~mhz/Research/Publ/DHRS2010_Proceedings.pdf#page=21
Nielsen, J. (1995). How to Conduct a Heuristic Evaluation. Retrieved August 18,2012, from http://www.nngroup.com/articles/how-to-conduct-a-heuristic-evaluation/
OECD (2003). OECD e-Government Studies The e-Government Imperative. Paris, OECD Publishing. Retrieved August 18,2012, from http://www.oecdbookshop.org/oecd/display.asp?sf1=identifiers&st1=9789264101197. doi: 10.1787/9789264101197-en
Prom, C. J. (2011). Using web analytics to improve online access to archival resources. American Archivist, 74(1), 158-184.
Rodden, K., Hutchinson, H., & Fu, X. (2010, April). Measuring the user experience on a large scale: user-centered metrics for web applications. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 2395-
2398). ACM.
The World Bank (2011). World Bank-Definition of E-Government. Retrieved March 29, 2013, from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEGOVERNMENT/Resources/
e-Gov_guideline.pdf
Weischedel, B., & Huizingh, E. K. (2006, August). Website optimization with web metrics: a case study. In Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (pp. 463-470). ACM.
West, D. M. (2004). E-Government and the Transformation of Service Delivery and Citizen Attitudes. Public Administration Review 64: 15-27.
West, D. M. (2008). Improving technology utilization in electronic government around the world, 2008. Brookings Institution, Governance Studies.
West, R., & Leskovec, J. (2012, April). Human wayfinding in information networks. In Proceedings of the 21st international conference on World Wide Web (pp. 619-628). ACM.
White House (2002). E-Government Act of 2002. Retrieved August 18, 2012, from http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-107publ347/pdf/PLAW-107publ347.pdf