臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用數學模式推導出製造商於不良品不完美重工生產系統下，且整合購買者存貨持有成本的兩個存貨模式之「最佳生產批量」與「最佳配送次數」。本研究假設製造商於正常生產過程會產生不良品，且不良品皆可重工，而不良品在重工修復期間亦有報廢品產生，至於配送方面，由於基本經濟生產批量模式是假設需求為連續配送的，但實務上並不符合實際情況，因為當製造商將產品配送至購買者時，經常使用定量批次的送貨方式。針對這些假設建立兩個存貨模式分別為：模式(一)為製造商於正常生產期間內生產足夠購買者在t1與t2時間內之需求量並先配送一次給購買者，接著在重工完成後再進行n次配送至購買者的存貨模式，稱為(n+1)次配送策略存貨模式；模式(二)為單一製造商於生產及重工後配送至多個購買者的多次配送策略存貨模式。接著分別建構模式(一)、(二)之數學模式且皆整合製造商與購買者存貨持有成本，使總成本最小化，並探討「最佳生產批量」與「最佳配送次數」之最佳化決策。最後提出數值例子作驗證，並對相關參數做敏感度分析與模式之比較，期望本研究之模式能夠因應實務上情況，提供業界作為實務應用與決策上之參考。

This study uses mathematical modelling to determine two model’s the optimal lot size for the finite production model with an imperfect rework process of defective items and frequency of delivery, and both of total costs contain buyer’s inventory holding cost. Due to traditional EPQ model assume that the demand for the shipment is continuous, but it is not realistic. Because when the manufacturer delivery products to the buyer, they often adopt a fixed quantity shipments. Hence this study assumes that each batch is dispatched to the buyer with a number of shipments, and considers defective items have failure ratio in rework, lead to production of scrap items during rework period.
Two different inventory models are established by these assumptions respectively. They are: (1) EPQ model with (n+1) deliveries strategy. (2) EPQ model with multi-buyers. Both of long-run total costs include manufacturer and buyer of inventory costs, and our objective is to minimize two model’s long-run total costs. Finally, Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate its practical usage.

目錄
中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究範圍與界定 2
1.3 研究方法 3
1.4 研究之流程與架構圖 4
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 經濟訂購批量(EOQ)與經濟生產批量(EPQ) 6
2.2 不良品、重工及報廢品之相關文獻 8
2.2.1 不良品相關文獻 8
2.2.2 重工及報廢品相關文獻 11
2.3 多次配送相關文獻 15
2.4 整合製造商和購買者相關之文獻 16
多個購買者相關之文獻 18
第三章 分別建構不完美重工生產系統之(n+1)次配送策略模式與多次配送至多個購買者模式 20
3.1 建構模式(一)之整合購買者存貨成本數學模式最佳化 20
3.1.1 模式(一)之建構描述與參數符號說明 20
3.1.2 模式(一)公式推導 23
3.2 建構模式(二)之含多個購買者存貨成本數學模式最佳化 27
3.2.1 模式(二)之建構描述與參數符號說明 27
3.2.2 模式(二)公式推導 30
第四章 數值驗證與敏感度分析 34
4.1 模式(一)之數值驗證與敏感度分析 35
4.2 模式(二)之數值驗證與敏感度分析 40
4.3 模式(一)、(二)與先前研究之比較 45
4.3.1 模式(一)與n次配送模式之配送策略比較 46
4.3.2 模式(二)與n次配送模式之配送決策問題 52
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 56
5.1 分析之結論 56
5.2 本研究對產業之貢獻 58
5.2 未來研究方向 59
參考文獻 60

表目錄
表1-1 模式(一)與模式(二)之基本假設比較表 2
表2-1 EOQ與EPQ模式之基本假設比較表 7
表2-2 本研究與主要文獻比較表 19
表3-1 模式(一)之參數符號說明表 21
表3-2 模式(二)之參數符號說明表 28
表4-1 模式(一)與模式(二)之敏感度分析事項表 34
表4-2 模式(一)之數值假設表 35
表4-3 模式(二)之數值假設表 40
表4-4 模式(一)、(二)與先前研究之比較事項表 45
表4-5 兩模式於重工後配送次數相同之列表 46
表4-6 兩模式的總配送次數相同之列表 47
表4-7 兩模式分別最佳解之列表 49
表4-8 分析模式(二)與n次配送模式之參數表 53
表5-1 模式(一)與先前研究比較之結果表 57
表5-2 製造商配送決策之決策條件列表 58


圖目錄
圖1-1 研究流程與架構圖 5
圖3-1 模式(一)之製造商良品存貨圖 23
圖3-2 模式(一)之製造商不良品存貨圖 25
圖3-3 模式(一)之製造商報廢品存貨圖 26
圖3-4 模式(二)之單一製造商對多個購買者示意圖 27
圖3-5 模式(二)之製造商良品存貨圖 30
圖3-6 模式(二)之製造商不良品存貨圖 32
圖3-7 模式(二)之製造商報廢品存貨圖 32
圖4-1 模式(一)之配送次數與多種成本之關係圖 36
圖4-2 模式(一)之不良率與多種成本之關係圖 37
圖4-3 模式(一)之不良率與最佳生產批量之關係圖 37
圖4-4 模式(一)之不良率、報廢率對最佳期望年總成本之關係圖 38
圖4-5 模式(一)之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量之曲面圖 38
圖4-6 模式(一)之不良率、報廢率對最佳期望年總成本之曲面圖 39
圖4-7 模式(一)之配送次數、生產批量對期望年總成本之曲面圖 39
圖4-8 模式(二)之配送次數與多種成本之關係圖 42
圖4-9 模式(二)之不良率與多種成本之關係圖 42
圖4-10 模式(二)之不良率與最佳生產批量之關係圖 43
圖4-11 模式(二)之不良率、報廢率對最佳期望年總成本之關係圖 43
圖4-12 模式(二)之不良率、報廢率對最佳生產批量之曲面圖 44
圖4-13 模式(二)之不良率、報廢率對最佳期望年總成本之曲面圖 44
圖4-14 模式(二)之配送次數、生產批量對期望年總成本之曲面圖 45
圖4-15 兩模式於重工後配送次數相同且不含生產成本之比較圖 46
圖4-16 兩模式於重工後配送次數相同之多種相關成本比較圖 47
圖4-17 兩模式的總配送次數相同且不含生產成本之成本比較圖 48
圖4-18 兩模式的總配送次數相同之多種相關成本比較圖 48
圖4-19 兩模式分別最佳解且不含生產成本之成本比較圖 49
圖4-20 兩模式分別最佳解之多種相關成本比較圖 50
圖4-21 兩模式分別最佳解之總運送成本比較圖 50
圖4-22 兩模式分別最佳解之總持有成本比較圖 51
圖4-23 分析(1).(2)結果與兩模式最佳解且不含生產成本比較圖 51
圖4-24 供應鏈環境下之製造商配送決策問題 52
圖4-25 購買者數與最佳配送次數之關係圖 54
圖4-26 購買者數與最佳生產批量之關係圖 54
圖4-27 購買者數與最佳年期望總成本之關係圖 55
圖4-28 平均固定運送成本與最佳期望年總成本之關係圖 55

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