傳統上，空間資訊的主要來源為紙張地圖。然而，隨著各級政府單位對於基本空間資訊內容的重視與建置，以及資訊技術提升，數位方式已經成為許多空間資訊使用者的共同需求。透過桌上型地理資訊系統(GIS)應用軟體來瀏覽或處理空間資訊，將受限於單機使用造成負擔成本較高，主要使用者也因為學習門檻較高，侷限在於具有專業技能之使用者；透過網際網路的分享與使用，WebGIS便成為方便且價格低廉，且符合一般民眾使用的空間資訊供應之方法。
生活中的食、衣、住、行均可透過WebGIS提供相關資訊，而WebGIS需藉由網路地圖伺服器才能提供服務。本文收集目前網路地圖伺服器相關技術與OGC規格，結合現有自行開發地圖伺服器所欠缺之功能項目，提出地圖伺服器應有之規格與分類。利用東港溪案例，使用商業軟體、自由軟體與自行開發之地圖伺服器進行測試比較，證明經自行開發之Web Map Server可行性。並提出不同需求解決方案，做為後續建置WebGIS服務相關人員參考依據。並利用物件導向分析與設計的方法將提出之規格與需求進行分析設計，將現有自行開發之地圖伺服器進行更新設計，過程中以USECASE分析使用者可能提出之要求及系統回應狀態並使用使用UML加以記錄。經由使用者觀點重新規劃系統需求與架構。

Traditionally, people should fetch spatial information by maps. As information technologies being developed, governments actively establishe the data contents of base spatial information to fulfill the increase of spatial information requirements in various trades. However, users are limite to those with professional skills due to the higher cost of desktop GIS applications. On the other hand, it causes the WebGIS to becomes the spatial information representation and providing method, which is not only the cheapest and most convenient but also the most sufficient for common users.
WebGIS can provide the information relating our daily lives. WebGIS should provide services by web map server. Therefore, in this thesis we collected current corresponding technologies for web map server and OGC specifications. Moreover, we then proposed the necessary specifications and classifications for map server by integrating additional function items into current version of our developed software. Consequently, in Donggang river case we demonstrate the possibility of our developed Web Map Server by the benchmark of using commercial software, open source software and our version. We further proposed various solutions for solving requirements to be the references for subsequent development of WebGIS services. Furthermore, we improved our developed version by the methodology of Object-Oriented analysis and design. UML is to applied for system planning and USECASE is to applied for analyzing user requirements and system responses. Based on user perspectives, we re-analyzed the system requirements and architectures.

目 錄
中文摘要........................................................................................................................i
英文摘要.......................................................................................................................ii
誌謝..............................................................................................................................iv
目錄...............................................................................................................................v
表目錄.........................................................................................................................vii
圖目錄....................................................................................................................... viii
第一章 前言...............................................................................................................1
1.1 網際網路地理資訊系統之發展與需求...................................................... 1
1.2 研究架構與方法.......................................................................................... 3
第二章 地圖伺服器功能與規格...............................................................................6
2.1 地圖伺服器相關技術.................................................................................. 6
2.2 OGC 相關規格與技術................................................................................. 9
2.3 其他相關規格............................................................................................ 15
2.4 Web Mapper 1.0 說明................................................................................. 16
2.5 功能需求說明............................................................................................ 21
第三章 地圖伺服器測試.........................................................................................23
3.1 東港溪案例................................................................................................ 23
3.2 系統實作.................................................................................................... 24
3.3 成果比較...................................................................................................... 34
3.3.1 系統差異........................................................................................... 34
3.3.2 壓力測試........................................................................................... 36
第四章 系統規劃與設計...........................................................................................38
4.1 應用物件導向分析與設計........................................................................ 38
4.2 UML 統一塑模語言................................................................................... 39
4.2.1 使用案例圖....................................................................................... 40
4.2.2 類別圖............................................................................................... 42
4.2.3 活動圖............................................................................................... 43
4.2.4 循序圖............................................................................................... 44
4.3 USE CASE..................................................................................................45
4.4 設計架構.................................................................................................... 48
第五章 結論與建議.................................................................................................51
5.1 結論............................................................................................................ 51
5.2 建議............................................................................................................ 52
參考文獻.....................................................................................................................53
附錄
A 網路空間資訊參考網站..................................................................................56
B 使用案例分析內容..........................................................................................62

表目錄
表2.1 運算架構.......................................................................................................... 7
表2.2 圖面互動技術.................................................................................................. 8
表2.3 資料支援格式.................................................................................................. 9
表2.4 傳統地圖伺服器與OGC Web Service 功能規格差異................................. 15
表2.5 歷次專案需求與問題.................................................................................... 20
表3.1 資料內容........................................................................................................ 25
表3.2 地圖伺服器成本與技術比較........................................................................ 35
表4.1 UML 圖形分類表.......................................................................................... 40
表4.2 分析成果與功能需求對應............................................................................ 50

圖目錄
圖1.1 研究架構圖.................................................................................................... 4
圖2.1 MVC 架構...................................................................................................... 6
圖2.3 網路地圖服務介面圖.................................................................................. 10
圖2.4 WCS 服務介面架構圖................................................................................ 11
圖2.5 不同SLD 語法圖形差異............................................................................ 12
圖2.6 GML 架構圖................................................................................................ 13
圖2.7 Filter 資料查詢語法.................................................................................... 13
圖2.8 使用不同時間段查詢顯示之圖資內容A.................................................. 14
圖2.9 使用不同時間段查詢顯示之圖資內容B .................................................. 14
圖2.10 org.mymap 架構圖.................................................................................... 17
圖2.11 javawebgis 架構圖..................................................................................... 18
圖3.1 ArcIMS 系統架構....................................................................................... 26
圖3.2 ArcIMS Author 操作畫面............................................................................ 26
圖3.3 ArcIMS 使用者介面.................................................................................... 27
圖3.4 MapGuide 系統架構.................................................................................... 28
圖3.5 MapGuide Author 端設定介面.................................................................... 28
圖3.6 MapGuide 成果............................................................................................ 29
圖3.7 UMN Map Server 架構................................................................................ 30
圖3.8 UMN Map Server 地圖專案內容................................................................ 30
圖3.9 UMN Map Server 樣版網頁........................................................................ 31
圖3.10 UMN MAPSERVER 成果......................................................................... 31
圖3.11 Web Mapper 1.0 系統架構........................................................................ 32
圖3.12 gis.ini 地圖專案內容................................................................................. 32
圖3.13 Web Mapper 1.0 樣板網頁........................................................................ 33
圖3.14 Web Mapper 1.0 成果................................................................................ 33
圖3.15 壓力測試結果............................................................................................ 37
圖4.1 UML 圖形分類............................................................................................ 40
圖4.2 使用者案例圖.............................................................................................. 41
圖4.3 圖層類別圖.................................................................................................. 42
圖4.4 圖面控制活動圖.......................................................................................... 43
圖4.5 圖面控制循序圖.......................................................................................... 44
圖4.6 圖面控制USECASE 第一次探討內容...................................................... 46
圖4.7 圖面控制USECASE 第二次探討內容...................................................... 46
圖4.8 圖面控制USECASE 第三次探討內容A .................................................. 47
圖4.9 圖面控制USECASE 第三次探討內容B................................................... 47
圖4.10 圖面控制USECASE 第三次探討內容C................................................. 48
圖4.11 使用案例分析成果.................................................................................... 49
圖4.12 案例分析內容............................................................................................ 50

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