臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究依據行政院衛生署於台灣地區所進行的「2005-2008國民營養健康狀況變遷調查」結果，針對19-44歲成年人補充品使用狀況進行分析與探討。總計樣本數為973位（男485位，女488位）。取樣所得數據為了呈現全國性代表數值，所以皆經「問卷權數」加權處理。統計顯著性則以p＜.05為標準。結果顯示，成年人平均補充品使用率為33.20%（男26.61%、女39.98%）；女性、北部第一層、自覺健康狀況較差者、自覺錢足夠性足夠者補充品使用率較高。隨著補充品使用數增加人數呈遞減；男性以1種、女性以使用2種以上補充品為主。頻率以「每天吃」比率最高。種類以綜合維他命礦物質（35.8%）使用最多，其次為維生素B群（20.6%）與鈣（9.3%）。使用補充品動機或目的以補充營養不均衡與改善體質為主；而決定補充品最大因素以親戚朋友介紹最多。有罹患任何疾病者補充品使用率高於未罹患疾病者，白內障、慢性支氣管炎、腎臟病患者補充品使用率較高。男、女性補充品營養素攝取量超過國人膳食營養素每日建議量的共同營養素有：維生素Ａ、Ｄ、Ｅ、Ｂ1、Ｂ2、Ｂ6、B12、泛酸、生物素，男性較女性又多出了鐵，女性較男性多出了維生素C與菸鹼素。以上國人選擇補充品因素、動機、使用狀況及人口分布特性之結論將提供政府相關單位擬定補充品法規並作為教育方針之參考。

Data used in this study came from the 2005-2008 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan. The total sample available for analysis of supplement use included 973 adults (485 men and 488 women) aged 19-44 years. Survey data were weighted to adjust for the survey design and to make the sample nationally representative. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Our results showed that 33.2% of Taiwanese adults aged 19-44 took supplements (26.6% of men and 40.0% of women). Women , first northern stratum , and those with perceived adequate financial resources, poorer self-rated health were more likely to take supplements. As the number of supplements taken increased, the number of people decreased. The majority of men took only one supplement. In contrast, the majority of women took two or more supplements. The most commonly taken supplement frequently is every day. The most commonly taken supplement by adults was multivitamins and minerals (35.8%), followed by vitamin B group (20.6%) and calcium (9.3%). Most people use supplements for preventing imbalanced nutrition and for a strong constitution. Relatives and friends were the most common information source for using a supplement. People with comorbidities were more likely to take supplements than people without any reported illnesses, supplement use was higher in those with cataracts, chronic bronchitis and renal disease. We found that in both men and women, nutrient intakes from supplements exceeded DRIs for vitamins A, D, E, B 1, B2, B6, B12, pantothenic acid and biotin. Compared to women, men were more likely to take excess iron. Women were more likely to take excess vitamin C and niacin. Our findings can be used in the development or modification of supplement management strategies and in promoting education aimed at facilitating the safe and healthy use of supplements in Taiwan.

中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅰ
英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅱ
致謝．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅲ
本文目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅳ
表目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅵ
第一章、緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
第一節、研究背景與動機．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
第二節、研究目的．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3
第三節、文獻回顧．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4
第二章、材料與方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．29
第一節、研究樣本．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．29
第二節、抽樣．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．30
第三節、調查工具．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．31
第四節、權數計算．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．33
第五節、資料處理與統計方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．33
第六節、名詞解釋．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．36
第七節、分析架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．37
第三章、結果．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．39
第一節、人口統計資料與膳食補充品使用狀況分析．．．．．．39
第二節、不同類別膳食補充品使用狀況分析．．．．．．．．．44
第三節、使用膳食補充品因素分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．51
第四節、疾病史與膳食補充品使用狀況分析．．．．．．．．．53
第五節、營養素攝取量使用狀況分析．．．．．．．．．．．．55
第四章、討論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．58
第一節、補充品的使用率與人口特性關係．．．．．．．．．．58
第二節、補充品種類的選擇與使用頻率．．．．．．．．．．．61
第三節、使用補充品的動機與決定產品因素．．．．．．．．．65
第四節、疾病史與膳食補充品關係．．．．．．．．．．．．．65
第五節、補充品營養素分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．66
第五章、結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．70
第一節、結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．70
第二節、研究限制．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．71
第三節、建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．72
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．74
【附錄一】基本問卷、補充品問卷、疾病史問卷．．．．．．．．．．122
【附錄二】國人膳食營養素參考攝取量 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．139



表 目 錄
表一、個案人口統計資料．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．82
表二、基本資料與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．．．．83
表三、男性基本資料與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．．84
表四、女性基本資料與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．．85
表五、19-31歲基本資料與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．86
表六、32-44歲基本資料與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．87
表七、膳食補充品使用種類數分佈狀況．．．．．．．．．．．．．．88
表八、基本資料與膳食補充品使用種類數之相對因子分析．．．．．．89
表九、男性基本資料與膳食補充品使用種類數之相對因子分析．．．．90
表十、女性基本資料與膳食補充品使用種類數之相對因子分析．．．．91
表十一、此次與NAHSIT 1993-1996十大膳食補充品使用狀況(整體) ．．92
表十二、此次與NAHSIT 1993-1996十大膳食補充品使用狀況(男性)．．92
表十三、此次與NAHSIT 1993-1996十大膳食補充品使用狀況(女性)．．93
表十四、不同類別膳食補充品使用狀況．．．．．．．．．．．．．．93
表十五、最近一個月使用八大類膳食補充品頻率．．．．．．．．．．94
表十六、使用膳食補充品的種類狀況．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．95
表十七、男性使用膳食補充品的種類狀況．．．．．．．．．．．．．97
表十八、女性使用膳食補充品的種類狀況．．．．．．．．．．．．．99
表十九、基本資料與營養保健食品、機能配方食品使用狀況．．．．101
表二十、男性基本資料與營養保健食品、機能配方食品使用狀況．．．102
表二十一、女性基本資料與營養保健食品、機能配方食品使用狀況．．103
表二十二、使用率前五名膳食補充品之基本資料．．．．．．．．．．104
表二十三、使用率前五名膳食補充品基本資料之相對因子分析．．．．105
表二十四、男性使用率前五名膳食補充品之基本資料．．．．．．．．107
表二十五、男性使用率前五名膳食補充品基本資料之相對因子分析．．108
表二十六、女性使用率前五名膳食補充品之基本資料．．．．．．．．110
表二十七、女性使用率前五名膳食補充品基本資料之相對因子分析．．111
表二十八、使用膳食補充品動機或目的之分佈情形．．．．．．．．．113
表二十九、使用膳食補充品主要因素之分佈情形．．．．．．．．．．114
表三十、疾病史與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．．．．115
表三十一、男性疾病史與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．116
表三十二、女性疾病史與有無使用膳食補充品之相對因子分析．．．．117
表三十三、使用前五大補充品與前五大疾病史結果分析．．．．．．．118
表三十四、膳食補充品營養素攝取量分佈狀況．．．．．．．．．．．119
表三十五、男性膳食補充品營養素攝取量分佈狀況．．．．．．．．．120
表三十六、女性膳食補充品營養素攝取量分佈狀況．．．．．．．．．121

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