臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究針對某面板科技廠TFT-LCD所產生之廢水，依其相關特性，分析廢水處理效率，前端處理設備裝設上流式厭氧汙泥床系統(Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed,UASB)，再經中段之傳統活性污泥，尾端則為薄膜生物反應槽(Membrane Bio-Reactor,MBR)，由初期試車、馴養，分析不同操作條件及參數變化。
系統操作條件為每日水量（Cubic Meter per Day,CMD）、pH值、化學需氧量（Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD）、氧化還原值（Oxidation-Reduction Potential,ORP），系統參數為總有機碳（Total Organic Carbon ,TOC）、混合液懸浮固體物 （Mixed Liquid Suspended Solid,MLSS）、薄膜生物反應槽（Membrane Bio-Reactor,MBR）出水壓力(kg/cm2)，探討各操作參數影響放流水TOC、MLSS及MBR膜出水壓力等系統參數。以達到放流水標準為主要目標，在過程中評估最經濟且有效的操作條件，並利用這些操作條件來進行現場參數調整。
研究期間監測結果得知，厭氧UASB系統之實廠進流水70 CMD；厭氧槽pH為6.7；厭氧-ORP為-319(mv)；厭氧-MLSS為14513 (mg/L)， TOC為29 %。
好氧系統為440 CMD；傳統生物槽pH為7.0；傳統生物槽-MLSS為4509 (mg/L)；MBR-MLSS為8541 (mg/L)；MBR出水pH為6.5，好氧系統COD去除率為91 %。
MBR-A系統運作結果平均值如下，出水累計流量為155.4 (CMD)；出水壓力為1.0 (kg/cm2)。MBR-B系統運作結果平均值如下，出水累計流量為161.5 (CMD) ; 出水壓力為1.1 (kg/cm2) 。MBR-C系統運作結果平均值如下，出水累計流量為161.5 (CMD) ; 出水壓力為1.1 (kg/cm2) 。
本研究監測結果顯示，系統進流水由厭氧系統到好氧系統過程中，出流水質皆相當穩定。本實廠生物薄膜反應系統對於面板實廠廢水水質之改善，具有極佳之處理功效。

This study analyzed the wastewater treatment efficiency of the wastewater generated from the manufacturing of TFT-LCD at a panel technology factory, based on the relevant wastewater characteristics. The wastewater first went through the Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) installed at the front-end treatment equipment. It then went through the traditional activated sludge in the middle section and the Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) provided at the tail end. Based on the trial run, raising and training, different operating conditions and parameter variance were analyzed.
The system operating conditions included the Cubic Meter per Day (CMD), pH value, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP). The system parameters included the Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Mixed Liquid Suspended Solid (MLSS), Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) and effluent pressure (kg/cm2). The effect of the various operating parameters on the system parameters, such as the effluent TOC, MLSS and MBR-membrane effluent pressure, were explored. The main purpose was to achieve the effluent standards. The most economical and effective operating conditions were assessed and utilized to adjust the on-site parameters during the process.
According to the results monitored during the study, the influent of UASB system in the factory is 70 CMD; the anaerobic tank pH value is 6.7; the anaerobic-ORP is -319 (mv); the anaerobic-MLSS is 14513 (mg/L); and the TOC is 29%; that of the aerobic system is 440 CMD; the traditional biological tank pH value is 7.0; the traditional biological tank-MLSS is 4509 (mg/L); the MBR-MLSS is 8541 (mg/L); the MBR effluent pH value is 6.5; and the aerobic system COD removal rate is 91%.
The average values of the results of MBR-A system operation are as follows: the cumulative effluent flow is 155.4 (CMD); and the effluent pressure is 1.0 (kg/cm2). The average values of the results of MBR-B system operation are as follows: the cumulative effluent flow is 161.5 (CMD); and the effluent pressure is 1.1 (kg/cm2). The average values of the results of MBR-C operation are as follows: the cumulative effluent flow is 161.5 (CMD); and the effluent pressure is 1.1 (kg/cm2).
According to the results monitored during the study, the effluent water quality is stable throughout the process of the system influent transferred from the anaerobic system to the aerobic system. The biomembrane reaction system in the factory has excellent treatment efficiency in improving the wastewater quality of the plant effluent.

目 錄
摘要 I
誌謝 IV
目 錄 V
表目錄 VVIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 TFT-LCD 產業與製程 3
2.1.1產業現況 3
2.1.2 薄膜液晶顯示器顯像原理與製程 4
2.1.3 TFT-LCD 製程與常用原料 6
2.1.4 TFT-LCD 製程廢水分類 10
2.2生物薄膜（MBR）程序 13
2.2.1薄膜種類及相關介紹 13
2.2.2 薄膜結構特性 16
2.2.3薄膜操作之影響因子 17
2.2.4薄膜使用之限制及解決方法 19
2.3 生物薄膜（MBR）程序基本原理 23
2.3.1 生物薄膜操作型式與程序 24
2.3.2 生物薄膜程序之優點 27
第三章 研究設備與方法 34
3.1基本設計條件 34
3.2 系統設備組成設計 35
3.3系統設備之相關功能設計 38
3.4分析項目及分析方法 49
第四章 結果與討論 51
4.1 厭氧UASB系統操作參數 52
4.1.1 UASB系統相關參數 52
4.1.2 厭氧UASB系統TOC去除率 60
4.2好氧系統操作參數 64
4.2.1 好氧系統相關參數 64
4.2.2 好氧系統COD去除率 72
4.3 MBR運作之相關參數 76
4.4 運轉水質與放流標準比較 85
第五章 結論與建議 86
參考文獻 88
表目錄
表2.1 TFT-LCD 製程及常使用之原料彙整表 9
表2.2 薄膜之分類與功能 15
表2.3 生物薄膜處理程序與活性污泥法程序生物膠羽大小之比較 29
表3.1 水質水量基本設計條件 34
表3.2 設計有機系統放流水質： 35
表3.3 水質分析方法 50
表4.1 實驗參數與其探討重點 52
表4.2 UASB系統相關參數總整理表 54
表4.3 厭氧UASB系統TOC去除率整理表 60
表4.4 好氧系統水質總整理表 66
表4.5 好氧系統COD去除率統計表 73
表4.6 MBR - A & B & C套系統運作参數統計表 81
表4.6 出流水質與納管標準比較 85


圖目錄
圖2.1 TFT-LCD原理 5
圖2.2 螺旋管式、平版式及中空管式薄膜 17
圖2.3 薄膜過濾之機制 20
圖2.4 間歇式操作預防薄膜阻塞之示意圖 22
圖2.5 生物薄膜程序圖 24
圖2.6 生物薄膜程序之流動形式（a）側流式、（b）沈浸式 25
圖3.1 本研究案例之處理流程 37
圖4.1 UASB系統進水CMD統計圖 56
圖4.2 UASB系統pH統計圖 57
圖4.3 UASB系統ORP統計圖 58
圖4.4 UASB系統MLSS統計圖 59
圖4.5 厭氧UASB系統TOC去除率統計圖 63
圖4.6 好氧系統進水CMD統計圖 68
圖4.7 傳統生物槽MLSS統計圖 69
圖4.8 MBR-MLSS統計圖 70
圖4.9 傳統生物槽與MBR之pH比較圖 71
圖4.10 好氧系統COD去除率統計圖 75
圖4.11 MBR出水瞬間流量(CMH)比較圖 78
圖4.12 MBR出水累計流量(CMD)比較圖 79
圖4.13 MBR出水壓力比較圖 80

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