臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，草藥和天然化合物在對於延緩疲勞、加速消除疲勞有關的代謝產物和提高運動能力中已成為一種重要的營養增補來源。牛樟芝 (Antrodia camphorata; AC) 為台灣特有的藥用真菌，是常見的傳統中藥，富含三萜類化合物及多醣體。目前已知在不同的植物或傳統中草藥中其功能成分中都能減少疲勞產生的相關指標，增加運動表現，但目前則未有針對富含三萜類及多醣體的牛樟芝進行相關研究，因此本實驗目的在探討補充牛樟芝子實體抽出物對小鼠之抗疲勞功能，以能量儲存、肌肉損傷、代謝產物堆積及運動表現等指標做為評估標準。將五週齡雄性ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) 小鼠，分為三組，每組各10隻小鼠：(1) 對照組 (vehicle, V)；(2) 餵食50 mg/kg牛樟芝子實體抽出物 (AC-50)；(3) 餵食200 mg/kg牛樟芝子實體抽出物 (AC-200)，連續經口餵食七天後進行實驗。實驗一、 測試5%負重游泳力竭時間；實驗二、進行游泳運動十五分鐘，於運動前、運動結束後立即及運動結束後20分鐘進行採血觀察乳酸、血氨、血糖及肌酸激酶；實驗三、測試前肢抓力；實驗四、採集肝臟及肌肉組織進行肝醣分析與切片。統計方法是以單因子變異數分析(one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA)進行統計。結果顯示，AC-50組 (113.6  12.1 min) 與AC-200組 (152.8  9.8 min) 在游泳力竭時間與對照組 (70.9  15.7 min)比較分別延長60%及115%，均有顯著差異 (p < 0.05)。AC-50組 (142  1 g) 與AC-200組 (142  4 g) 在前肢抓力與對照組 (125  5 g) 比較增加13.6%，具有顯著差異 (p < 0.05)。而在游泳運動結束後，AC-50組與AC-200組之乳酸 (5.9  0.4, 5.2  0.3 v.s 7.5  0.4 mmol/L)、血氨 (283  20, 257  15 v.s 438  18 μmol/L) 及肌酸肌酶 (33  3, 26  2 v.s 56  8 U/L) 均顯著低於對照組 (p < 0.05)，而血糖則無顯著差異。運動結束後20分鐘，AC-50組與AC-200組之乳酸 (5.9  0.4, 5.5  0.2 v.s 7.8  0.4 mmol/L)、AC-200組之血氨 (210  6 v.s 417  12 μmol/L)均顯著低於對照組 (p < 0.05)。肌肉肝醣部分，AC-50組 (2.07 ± 0.08 mg/g) 與AC-200組 (2.20 ± 0.07 mg/g) 與對照組 (1.72 ± 0.05 mg/g) 比較分別增加20%及27%；肝臟肝醣部分，AC-50組 (20.70 ± 1.64 mg/g) 與AC-200組 (21.59 ± 1.55 mg/g) 與對照組 (14.28 ± 2.26 mg/g) 比較分別增加45%及51%。本研究結果顯示，牛樟芝子實體抽出物具有增加肝臟及肌肉組織中的肝醣儲存量，在游泳運動過程中降低血乳酸、血氨及肌酸激酶的產生，進而延長負重游泳力竭的時間及前肢抓力表現。因此，本研究證實牛樟芝子實體抽出物具有抗疲勞之功效。

Antrodia camphorata (AC) is an endemic mushroom that grows in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to determine the fatigue-alleviating effects of AC on endurance capacity in weight-loading and exercised mice. Thirty male ICR mice (5-week-old) were divided into three groups (n=10 per group): (1) vehicle; (2) 50 mg/kg of AC (AC-50); (3) 200 mg/kg of AC (AC-200). Mice were given orally either vehicle or AC by gavage for 7 days. The AC group showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in liver glycogen (20.70 ± 1.64, 21.59 ± 1.55 v. s 14.28 ± 2.26 mg/g) and muscle glycogen (2.07 ± 0.08, 2.20 ± 0.07 v. s 1.72 ± 0.05 mg/g), forelimb grip strength (142±1, 142±4 v. s 125±5 g), and swimming time to exhaustion (113.6±12.1, 152.8±9.8 v. s 70.9 ±15.7 min) as compared to the vehicle group. Blood lactate ((5.9±0.4, 5.2 ±0.3 v.s 7.5±0.4 mmol/L) and ammonia (283±20, 257±15 v.s 438±18 μmol/L) levels in the AC groups were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in the vehicle group at 15 min after a swimming test. Moreover, the activity of plasma creatine kinase (CK), a marker of muscular damage, was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the AC groups than vehicle group after swimming (33±3, 26±2 v.s 56±8 U/L). These results suggest that increase in swimming endurance by the administration of AC is caused by an increase in deposition of liver and muscle glycogen as an energy source. AC may have potential for use in ergogenic and anti-fatigue activities.

中文摘要………………………………………………………………………I
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………III
目錄 ……………………………………………………………………………V
表目錄 …………………………………………………………………………VII
圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………………VIII

第壹章 緒論
第一節 研究動機………………………………………………………… 1
第二節 研究目的………………………………………………………… 2
第貳章 文獻探討
第一節 牛樟芝介紹及成份相關研究…………………………………… 3
第二節 運動與疲勞……………………………………………………… 6
第三節 三萜類化合物與多醣體在抗疲勞功能之相關研究…………… 9
第四節 文獻小結………………………………………………………… 12
第參章 材料與方法
第一節 實驗測試樣品…………………………………………………… 13
第二節 實驗動物飼養及實驗流程……………………………………… 15
第三節 血液與組織樣本之收集及實驗方法…………………………… 21
第四節 統計分析………………………………………………………… 25
第肆章 結果
第一節 游泳運動能力表現之測試………………………………………26
第二節 血液中乳酸、血氨、血糖濃度以及肌酸激酶活性之分析…… 27
第三節 前肢抓力表現之測試…………………………………………… 31
第四節 肌肉與肝臟組織中肝醣含量之分析…………………………… 32
第伍章 討論
第一節 補充牛樟芝子實體抽出物對血液中乳酸、血氨、血糖濃度
以及肌酸激酶活性之影響……………………………………… 34
第二節 補充牛樟芝子實體抽出物對肌肉與肝臟中肝醣含量之影響… 38
第三節 補充牛樟芝子實體抽出物對游泳運動能力及前肢抓力表現
之影響…………………………………………………………….39
第陸章 結論…………………………………………………………………40
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………………… 41
附錄………………………………………………………………………………51

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