臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了有效控制並降低空氣中污染物濃度的增加，近年來環保署持
續推動著總量管制的策略，來管制固定污染源之排放並針對不同之污
染防制區內制定了不同空氣污染物之容許增量限值。本研究利用
CALPUFF 擴散模式來測試空氣污染物容許增量限值，並透過模擬之
結果給予未來在容許增量限值相關制度上之參考。本研究分成3 個CASE 來測試空氣污染物之容許增量限值，CASE1 以一定規模之排放量來測試，模擬結果顯示法規所制定之ㄧ定規模排放量硫氧化物60 公噸、氮氧化物40 公噸、懸浮微粒15 公噸大致上吻合。CASE2 與CASE3 以硫氧化物與氮氧化物總和排放量來模擬衍生性懸浮微粒量，並篩選以日平均最大濃度增量日為案例日，來作一個時空上之分析與討論，模擬結果顯示衍生性懸浮微粒濃度增量於污染源高度為25 公尺，硫氧化物與氮氧化物總和為1000 公噸時，可佔法規值11%~18%，並有著跨區輸送的現象存在。此模擬結果也顯示出若與原生性懸浮微粒量合計，其污染程度可謂更是嚴重，此結果也可反應於在空氣品質模式模擬規範草案上，未明確規範原生性懸浮微粒排放量的部份。

In order to control and reduce the pollutant increments in the air, EPA continued to impel the total quantity control strategy to control the emission of stationary pollution sources in the recent years. Different air pollution control
zones had different air pollution allowable pollutant increase limits(APIL). In the study, APIL would be tested with CALPUFF model, and the result of simulations would be the reference for establishing criteria of APIL in the
future. This research was divided into three cases to test APIL. In CASE1, the pollutant emissions reached a certain scale, and the result of simulations was consistent with the law standard. CASE2 and CASE3 simulated the increment
of secondary particulate matter concentration by the sum of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, and took the date which daily average concentration increment was greatest as case date to discuss and analyze. The result of simulations
showed that the increment of secondary particulate matter could be 11~18% of the law standard when the stack height was twenty-five meters and sum of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides were one thousand tons and the phenomenon
of traverse regions transportation existed. If the quantities of primary and secondary particulate matter were considered at the same time, the pollution condition would be worse. This result would also reflect the defect not
formulating the amount of the primary particulate matter in the air quality modeling and simulation draft.

目錄...............................................Ⅰ
圖目錄.............................................Ⅴ
表目錄.............................................VI

第一章、前言
1.1 研究緣起......................................1-1
1.2 研究目的......................................1-2

第二章、文獻回顧
2.1 空氣品質模式..................................2-1
2.2 CALMET/CALPUFF模式系統........................2-2
2.2.1 CALPUFF模式計算原理.......................2-3
2.3 CALMET/CALPUFF模組參數........................2-5
2.3.1 風場分析..................................2-5
2.3.2 莫寧荷夫尺度與摩擦風速....................2-7
2.3.3 混合層高度分析............................2-8
2.3.4 擴散係數..................................2-8
2.3.5 沉降機制..................................2-12
2.4 二次氣膠來源與形成機制........................2-15
2.4.1 硫酸鹽生成機制............................2-16
2.4.2 硝酸鹽生成機制............................2-16
2.4.3 CALPUFF模式化學轉化機制...................2-17
2.5 其他相關模組..................................2-21

第三章、研究方法
3.1 CALMET模式前處理運作..........................3-1
3.1.1 CALMET模式之運算流程......................3-1
3.2 CALPUFF模式之運作方法.........................3-1
3.2.1 輸入檔的設定..............................3-1
3.2.2 輸出檔的處理..............................3-5
3.2.3 CALPUFF模式之運算流程.....................3-5
3.3 研究流程......................................3-5
3.4 CALPUFF模式模擬...............................3-10
3.4.1 地理資料..................................3-10
3.4.2 氣象資料..................................3-10
3.4.3 模式參數設定..............................3-10

第四章、結果與討論
4.1 案例模擬--容許增量限值測試分析................4-1
4.2 模擬測試結果分析..............................4-4
4.2.1 CASE1~CASE3模擬結果與討論.................4-5
4.2.2 容許增量臨界值標準分析與討論..............4-8
4.2.3 衍生性懸浮微粒轉化之濃度增量結果分析......4-23
4.2.4 衍生性懸浮微粒最大日平均濃度增量案例日分析與討
論........................................4-25

第五章、結論與建議
5.1 結論..........................................5-1
5.2 建議..........................................5-2
參考文獻..........................................R-1

附錄
附錄A-CALPUFF控制檔參數設定.......................A-1
附錄B-CALPOST控制檔參數設定.......................B-1

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