臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

背景與目的：針對回塑性議題的大型抽樣調查資料結構特性，指出傳統分析方法的缺失，進一步提出更恰當的模型-多層次離散時間存活模型，希望能更精確釐清影響青少年發生早齡性交與初次性交不使用避孕措施的相關因素。
研究設計：採用多階段抽樣的橫斷性調查。屬於二手資料分析。
研究對象：採用國民健康局於2000年所進行的「台灣地區在校學生性知識態度與行為研究調查」之資料，篩選15-19歲完訪者，共計7336在校生。
主要測量變項與統計方法：依變項為初次性交是否使用避孕措施。以隨機效用多項邏輯特模型進行分析。
結果：僅9.8%的男生與8.2%的女生曾發生過性行為，而有發生過性經驗的男生中，初次性交有避孕者占58.8%；女生則有55.4%。其中認為自己可以從事婚前性行為、目前有抽菸、認為同齡同儕有人發生性交是導致男女早齡性交發生的共同因子。而影響男生初次性交避孕使用的危險因子包括：認為自己可以從事婚前性行為（Z統計量＝-2.54，P-value＝0.01）、認為家人愛且關心自己（Z統計量＝-1.96，P-value＝0.03）；保護因子則為：曾吸食毒品（Z統計量＝1.91，P-value＝0.03）、及母親認為可以發生婚前性行為（Z統計量＝1.82，P-value＝0.04）；影響女生初次性交避孕使用的危險因子包括：曾看色情書刊（Z統計量＝-1.66，P-value＝0.05）、認為家人愛且關心自己（Z統計量＝-1.80，P-value＝0.04）、父親對婚前性行為持沒有意見的態度（Z統計量＝-2.00，P-value＝0.02）、就讀高職（Z統計量＝-1.61，P-value＝0.05）；保護因子則為：曾看色情電影或錄影帶（Z統計量＝3.17，P-value＜.01）、與父親關係良好（Z統計量＝2.77，P-value＜.01）、不希望繼續升學（Z統計量＝2.03，P-value＝0.02）。
結論與建議：同儕關係和親子互動是影響青少年早齡性交的主因。但同儕對性交時是否採取避孕措施的影響卻不顯著；而親子兩性溝通和父母親的性態度則對青少年初次性交是否採取安全性行為扮演重要角色，突顯家庭教育的重要。此外，男生早齡性交的發生和避孕使用在不同學校間差異不大，但女生卻會受極大的影響，因此期待學校教育能針對不同特質的學生加強關懷與宣導。

Objectives：In regard to the data structure of large-scale sample survey of retrospective issue, we pointed out the lack of traditional method and proposed more appropriate model, multi-level discrete time survival model, to analysis. Through the model, we hoped to get the more accurate results about the risk and protective factors for the age at the first sexual intercourse and contraceptive use.
Design：It is a multi-stage cross-sectional survey and a secondary data analysis.
Participants：The data were obtained from a high school survey of sexual knowledge, attitude and behavior conducted by the Bureau of Health Promotion in 2000. The total sample of 7336 students aged 15-19 years.
Main Outcome Measures and Statistical Method：The dependent variable is dose teenagers use contraception measures or not at first sexual intercourse. The relationship of person, family, and school factors to age at first sexual and contraceptive use were estimated by multinomial logit model with random effects.
Results：9.8% of boys and 8.2% of girls were sexually experienced. Among the boys and girls who had sexual behavior, there were 58.8% of boys and 55.4% of girls had used of contraception at the first sexual intercourse. Both boys and girls, the common significant risk factors for the age at debut of sexual intercourse were believing that they can engage in premarital sex, Current smokers, and having friends who were sexually experienced. The significant risk factors for contraceptive use at the initiation of sexual intercourse for boys were believing that they can engage in premarital sex (Z-statistics＝-2.54，P-value＝0.01), and thinking that family love and care about their (Z-statistics＝-1.96，P-value＝0.03). On the other hand, having abused drugs (Z-statistics＝1.91，P-value＝0.03), and mother felt premarital sex can occur (Z-statistics＝1.82，P-value＝0.04) were protective factors. Among girls, risk factors were looking at pornography (Z-statistics＝-1.66，P-value＝0.05), thinking that family love and care about their (Z-statistics＝-1.80，P-value＝0.04), fathers’ neutral attitude towards premarital sex (Z-statistics＝-2.00，P-value＝0.02), and studying in alternative high schools (Z-statistics＝-1.61，P-value＝0.05). Protective factors were watching pornographic films or videos (Z-statistics＝3.17，P-value＜.01), good relationship with their fathers (Z-statistics＝2.77，P-value＜.01), and did not wish to continue their studies (Z-statistics＝2.03，P-value＝0.02).
Conclusions：Peer relations and parent-child interaction were the two main reasons that affected teenager have sex at early age. The factors of peer were not significant for contraceptive use, and the family factors like parent-child communication and parental attitudes about sex were played an important role in contraceptive use at the debut of sexual intercourse. It is highlight the importance of family education. In addition, the occurrence of sexual intercourse at early age and contraceptive use were not different for boys in the different schools, but greatly different for girls. Hence, we looked forward that school education could enhance care and advocacy for different characteristics of students.

摘 要 I
Abstract III
誌 謝 V
目 錄 VI
表 目 錄 VIII
圖 目 錄 X

第壹章、 緒論
第一節、 研究背景 1
第二節、 研究動機 2
第三節、 研究目的 3
第貳章、 文獻回顧 4
第參章、 材料與方法
第一節、 研究設計 6
第二節、 資料來源 6
第三節、 研究對象 8
第四節、 研究變項 9
第五節、 統計方法 14
第六節、 資料分析 18


第肆章、 研究結果
第一節、 基本資料 19
第二節、 多項邏輯特模型分析結果 22
第三節、 隨機效用多項邏輯特模型分析結果 27
第伍章、 討論與結論
第一節、 個人因素對青少年初次性交及避孕使用的影響 29
第二節、 家庭因素對青少年初次性交年齡及避孕使用的影響 30
第三節、 學校同儕因素對青少年初次性交年齡及避孕使用的影響 33
第四節、 研究限制與建議 35
第五節、 結論 37
參考文獻 39

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