研究目的：探討地區收入不平等、個人社經地位與成人自評健康間的關係。
研究設計：橫斷式研究設計。個人層次之自評健康資料、個人社經地位資料來自「中華民國九十年台灣地區社會發展趨勢調查報告─健康安全」；地區層次之收入不平等資料來自「中華民國九十年台灣地區家庭收支調查報告」。
研究場域：台灣21個縣市。
研究對象： 20歲以上代表性樣本35881名。
主要結果測量：自評健康。
研究結果：成人自評健康差比例為12.2％。地區收入不平等與自評健康之間存在顯著相關，但控制個人社經地位後，兩者關係即消失。
結 論：個人社經地位對自評健康的影響較地區收入不平等更重要。

Area Income Inequality, Individual Socioeconomic Status, and Self-rated Health
Shan-Chi Pai
Abstract
Objective：To examine the association of area income inequality and individual socioeconomic status with self-rated health among adults in Taiwan.
Design：Cross sectional study. Individual level data on self-rated health and individual socioeconomic status came from “The Survey of Social Development Trends (Health and Safety), Taiwan Area, Republic of China, 2001”, and area level data on income inequality from “The Report on the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure in Taiwan Area of Republic of China, 2001”.
Setting：21 countries and cities in Taiwan.
Participants：Representative sample of 35,881 people aged 20 and over.
Main outcome measures：Self-rated health status.
Results：12.2% of adults reported poor health. Area income inequality was association with self-rated health status, but this association disappeared after the adjustment for individual socioeconomic status.
Conclusion：Individual socioeconomic status of adults was more powerful than area income inequality in determining self-rated health status.

目 次
第一章 前言…………………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究背景與動機……………………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的……………………………………………………………2
第三節 論文架構……………………………………………………………2
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………………3
第一節 地區收入不平等的概念與測量……………………………………3
第二節 個人社經地位的概念與測量………………………………………6
第三節 地區收入不平等、個人社經地位與自評健康的實證研究………9
第四節 影響自評健康之其他因素…………………………………………15
第三章 研究材料與方法……………………………………………………18
第一節 研究架構與研究假說………………………………………………18
第二節 研究變項定義與測量………………………………………………20
第三節 資料來源……………………………………………………………23
第四節 分析方法……………………………………………………………24
第四章 研究結果……………………………………………………………26
第一節 樣本特質……………………………………………………………26
第二節 影響自評健康的因素：雙變項分析………………………………28
第三節 影響自評健康的因素：多變項分析………………………………34
第五章 討論…………………………………………………………………42
第一節 研究限制……………………………………………………………42
第二節 討論…………………………………………………………………42
第三節 未來建議……………………………………………………………45
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………47
附錄一 「台灣地區社會發展區社調查報告-健康安全」部分問卷內容………………………………………………………………………………76
圖表目次
圖3-1 研究架構………………………………………………………………19
圖4-1 年齡標準化之自評健康差佔率，按個人教育程度與地區收入不平等程度……………………………………………………………………………72
圖4-2 年齡標準化之自評健康差佔率，按個人職業類型與地區收入不平等程度……………………………………………………………………………73
圖4-3 年齡標準化之自評健康差佔率，按個人平均年收入與地區收入不平等程度…………………………………………………………………………74
表2-1 地區收入不平等與自評健康實證研究………………………………53
表4-1 受訪者基本特性分佈…………………………………………………56
表4-2 受訪者居住地區收入不平等程度分佈………………………………57
表4-3 受訪者個人社經地位分佈……………………………………………58
表4-4 受訪者自評健康狀況分佈……………………………………………59
表4-5 受訪者自評健康狀況差分佈，按基本特性…………………………60
表4-6 受訪者自評健康狀況差分佈，按地區收入不平等程度……………61
表4-7 受訪者自評健康狀況差分佈，按個人社經地位……………………62
表4-8 受訪者居住地區收入不平等程度與個人社經地位分佈……………63
表4-9 受訪者自評健康狀況差分佈，按地區收入不平等程度與個人教育程度………………………………………………………………………………64
表4-10 受訪者自評健康狀況差分佈，按地區收入不平等程度與個人職業類別……………………………………………………………………………65
表4-11 受訪者自評健康狀況差分佈，………………按地區收入不平等程度與個人平均年收入…………………………………………………………66
表4-12 年齡標準化之自評健康狀況差分布，按地區收入不平等程度與個人教育程度……………………………………………………………………67
表4-13 年齡標準化之自評健康狀況差分布，按地區收入不平等程度與個人職業類別……………………………………………………………………68
表4-14 年齡標準化之自評健康狀況差分布，按地區收入不平等程度與個人平均年收入…………………………………………………………………69
表4-15 受訪者自評健康差佔率對數複回歸分析之勝算比………………70
附表一 地區收入不平等程度分類…………………………………………75

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