臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

伴隨著不斷提升的有線網路頻寬及日益增加的多媒體網路應用服務，人們與網路關係更加密切，這需求也反應到無線通訊技術上。第四代(4G; 4th Generation) 行動通訊標準將在低移動速率或靜態環境中提供高達1Gbps的傳輸速率及在高速移動環境中提供高達100Mbps的傳輸速率。4G行動通訊系統由於對頻譜使用效率、系統涵蓋率及傳輸率的高度要求，在系統設計上會與傳統行動通訊系統大不相同，當中包括大量佈設家用基地台(Femto Base Station)；利用連接寬頻有線網路來提供小範圍的無線網路傳輸服務，用以改善室內無線傳輸訊號嚴重衰減的問題。如何在現有的大基地台(Macro Base Station )的環境下佈放家用基地台以達到最高的訊號品質與系統容量，及如何在大基地台與家用基地台間、家用基地台與家用基地台間做最有效的頻譜共享、無線資源分配、干擾管理以及功率控制皆是重要的關鍵技術。
本論文在第四代行動通訊網路的環境中，提出不同的無線資源分配策略與功率控制方法以改善系統效能上，並探討使用者在不同的無線資源分配策略與功率控制下的效能，系統容量的差異程度。

With the network bandwidth and the multimedia network service continuously upgrade, people have the closer relationship with the network. The fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication system is envisioned to provide up to 1Gbps transmission rate for low-mobility and up to 100Mbps transmission rate for high-mobility. Due to the very extreme requirements on spectrum efficiency, coverage and transmission rate, the system design of the 4G system is very different from the traditional mobile communication system, including the deployment of the numerous number of Femto Base Station which uses the wired network in the backbone to provide wireless internet services in the indoor environment to lower the attenuation of wireless transmission signal in the indoor environment. The key challenges in the design of femtocell system including how to deploy femtocells in the existing mobile so that the highest signal quality and system capacity can be achieved? how to make the most effective spectrum sharing between the macrocells and the femtocells? and how to carry out the allocation of radio resources and the interference management in an effective way. In this thesis, we propose a method which improves the system efficiency, performance and system capacity by different allocation of radio resources and power-control.

目錄
摘要...............................................................................................................I
Abstract........................................................................................................II
誌謝............................................................................................................III
目錄............................................................................................................IV
表目錄......................................................................................................VII
圖目錄..................................................................................................... XII
第一章 緒論..................................................................................................1
1.1 前言.......................................................................................................1
1.2 研究動機與目的...................................................................................1
1.3 論文章節介紹.......................................................................................3
第二章 背景介紹..........................................................................................5
2.1 第四代行動通訊系統簡介...................................................................5
2.1.1 第四代行動通訊系統之背景.....................................................5
2.2 家用基地台技術與系統架構...............................................................7
2.2.1 家用基地台之定義....................................................................7
2.2.2 家用基地台的優點....................................................................8
2.2.3家用基地台探討議題................................................................10
第三章 無線資源與功率配置....................................................................12
3.1 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法..........................14
3.2 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法..........................................18
3.3 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法..........................22
3.4 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法...........26
第四章 模擬環境設定................................................................................30
4.1 環境架構.............................................................................................30
4.2 家用基地台的佈建.............................................................................32
4.3 鏈路預算(Link Budget) ......................................................................35
4.4 路徑衰減模型.....................................................................................36
4.5 數據分析方法.....................................................................................44
4.5.1 SINR的計算..............................................................................45
4.5.2 功率控制的計算......................................................................49
4.5.3 Outage Rate的計算...................................................................50
4.5.4 Drop Rate的計算......................................................................51
4.5.5 Throughput的計算....................................................................52
第五章 模擬結果與數據分析....................................................................53
5.1 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法之模擬結果.......53
5.2 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法之模擬結果......................57
5.3 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法之模擬結果......60
5.4 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法之模擬 結果................................................................................................64
5.5 綜合分析.............................................................................................67
第六章 結論................................................................................................82
第七章 參考文獻........................................................................................83
表目錄
表3.1 Maximum Spectral Efficiency of different MCS''s...................................14
表4.1鏈路預算..................................................................................................35
表4.2 鄰居路徑牆壁數量............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ................43
表目錄
表3.1 Maximum Spectral Efficiency of different MCS''s...................................14
表4.1鏈路預算..................................................................................................35
表4.2 鄰居路徑牆壁數量............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ................43
表5.1 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密
度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 3dB) ................................................54
表5.2 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密
度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 8.5dB)…..........................................54
表5.3 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密
度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 13dB) ..............................................55
表5.4 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密
度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 3dB)...........................................55
表5.5 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密
度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 8.5dB) .......................................56
表5.6 MAX SINR分配法與MAX SINR功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密
度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 13dB) ........................................56
表5.7 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密度的
Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 3dB) ........................................................57
表5.8 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密度的
Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq =8.5dB) .....................................................58
表5.9 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密度的
Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq =13dB) .......................................................58
表5.10 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密度的
Average System Throughput.(γreq = 3dB) ..................................................59
表5.11 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密度的
Average System Throughput.(γreq = 8.5dB) ...............................................59
表5.12 無斷話分配法與無斷話功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建密度的
Average System Throughput.(γreq = 13dB) ................................................60
表5.13 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建
密度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 3dB) ............................................61
表5.14 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建
密度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 8.5dB) .........................................61
表5.15 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建
密度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 13dB) ..........................................62
表5.16 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建
密度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 3dB) .....................................62
表5.17 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建
密度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 8.5dB) ..................................63
表5.18 基地台量測分配法與基地台量測功率控制分配法使用四種不同佈建
密度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 13dB) ....................................63
表5.19 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法使用四種
不同佈建密度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 3dB) ..........................64
表5.20 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法使用四種
不同佈建密度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 8.5dB) ........................65
表5.21 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法使用四種
不同佈建密度的Outage Rate和Drop Rate.(γreq = 13dB) ........................65
表5.22 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法使用四種
不同佈建密度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 3dB) .......................66
表5.23 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法使用四種
不同佈建密度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 8.5dB) ....................66
表5.24 MAX SINR群組分配法與MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法使用四種
不同佈建密度的Average System Throughput.(γreq = 13dB) .....................67
表5.25 MAX SINR 分配法、無斷話分配法與基地台量測分配法加入功率控
制後改善Outage Rate與Drop Rate之情況(γreq = 3dB) ...........................69
表5.26 MAX SINR 分配法、無斷話分配法與基地台量測分配法加入功率控
制後改善Outage Rate與Drop Rate之情況(γreq = 8.5dB) ........................70
表5.27 MAX SINR 分配法、無斷話分配法與基地台量測分配法加入功率控
制後改善Outage Rate與Drop Rate之情況(γreq = 13dB) .......................71
表5.28 MAX SINR 分配法、無斷話分配法與基地台量測分配法加入功率控
制後改善Average System Throughput之情況。(γreq = 3dB) ....................72
表5.29 MAX SINR 分配法、無斷話分配法與基地台量測分配法加入功率控
制後改善Average System Throughput之情況。(γreq = 8.5dB) .................73
表5.30 MAX SINR 分配法、無斷話分配法與基地台量測分配法加入功率控
制後改善Average System Throughput之情況。(γreq = 13dB) ..................74
表5.31 MAX SINR 群組分配法與MAX SINR 群組功率控制分配法比較
MAX SINR分配法改善Outage Rate與Drop Rate之情況。(γreq = 3dB)..76
表5.32 MAX SINR 群組分配法與MAX SINR 群組功率控制分配法比較
MAX SINR 分配法改善Outage Rate與Drop Rate之情況。(γreq
=8.5dB)……………………………………………………………………77
表5.33 MAX SINR 群組分配法與MAX SINR 群組功率控制分配法比較
MAX SINR 分配法改善Outage Rate與Drop Rate之情況。(γreq =
13dB)……………………………………………………………………...78
表5.34 MAX SINR 群組分配法與MAX SINR 群組功率控制分配法比較
MAX SINR 分配法改善Average System Throughput之情況。(γreq =
3dB)……………………………………………………………………….79
表5.35 MAX SINR 群組分配法與MAX SINR 群組功率控制分配法比較
MAX SINR 分配法改善Average System Throughput之情況。(γreq =
8.5dB)………………………………………………………………..……80
表5.36 MAX SINR 群組分配法與MAX SINR 群組功率控制分配法比較
MAX SINR 分配法改善Average System Throughput之情況。(γreq =
13dB)…………………………………………………………………...…81
圖目錄
圖1.1 Femto Base Station網路架構....................................................................3
圖2.1 IMT-Advanced 標準發展時程.................................................................7
圖2.2 家用基地台網路系統架構.......................................................................8
圖2.3 減輕大基地台的流量(a)沒有佈放家用基地台(b)有佈放家用基地台. .9
圖2.4家用基地台之間的同頻干擾...................................................................11
圖3.1 家用基地台後端架構.............................................................................13
圖3.2 MAX SINR分配法運作流程圖..............................................................15
圖3.3 MAX SINR功率控制分配法運作流程圖..............................................17
圖3.4 固定鄰居干擾清單.................................................................................18
圖3.5 現行鄰居干擾清單.................................................................................19
圖3.6 無斷話分配法運作流程圖.....................................................................20
圖3.7 無斷話功率控制分配法運作流程圖.....................................................21
圖3.8 基地台量測分配法運作流程圖.............................................................23
圖3.9 基地台量測功率控制分配法運作流程圖.............................................25
圖3.10 MAX SINR群組分配法運作流程圖....................................................27
圖3.11 MAX SINR群組功率控制分配法運作流程圖....................................29
圖4.1 系統環境架構.........................................................................................30
圖4.2 (a) 99個街區(b) 街道與房子.................................................................32
圖4.3 室內與室外使用者位置.........................................................................33
圖4.4 密度為0.5的其中一個街區...................................................................34
圖4.5 牆數估算情景一.....................................................................................37
圖4.6 牆數估算情景二.....................................................................................38
圖4.7 牆數估算情景三.....................................................................................39
圖4.8 牆數估算情景四.....................................................................................40
圖4.9 牆數估算情景五.....................................................................................41
圖4.10 牆數估算情景六...................................................................................42
圖4.11 使用者的牆數.......................................................................................44

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