本研究欲探討嫁妝是否具有保護女性婚姻地位的作用，其又是如何影響家庭資源的分配。在實證模型中，採用「華人家庭動態資料庫」的資料，以嫁妝金額做為婦女的談判籌碼，家事時間比率差代表婦女在家中享受到的福利，並使用兩階段工具變數法來解決嫁妝金額可能存在遺漏變數與測量誤差的問題。此處工具變數包括夫妻雙方父母受教育年數、聘金金額、適婚年齡男女人口比、離婚比率，多加入工具變數後明顯減少係數高估的問題，惟選用之工具變數對嫁妝金額的解釋力仍顯不足。實證結果發現，嫁妝金額可以提升婦女婚姻中的福利，尤其是在早期的台灣社會，此情況更加明顯。

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate empirically how dowries relate to women's welfare and the allocation of intrahousehold resource. Making use of the data from Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD), we consider the amount of dowry as women’s bargaining power and husbands’ time doing chores as women’s welfare. This thesis uses instrumental variables, including educational background of the couple's parents, the amount of bride-price, marriage-aged sex ratio, and divorce ratio, to solve the problems of omitted variable and measurement error .We find that adding instrumental variable(s) reduces the coefficient on dowries, despite the fact that the instruments are tested to be weak. The empirical result shows that dowry does enhance women's welfare in marriage, especially further in the past.

第一章 緒論.......................1
1-1研究動機與目的..................1
1-2研究架構.......................3
第二章 背景介紹與文獻回顧............4
2-1台灣的聘金與嫁妝習俗.............4
2-2影響嫁妝金額的因素...............7
2-3嫁妝與婦女婚姻中福利的關係.........8
第三章 資料來源與變數介紹............11
3-1資料來源.......................11
3-2變數定義.......................12
3-3樣本資料分析....................13
第四章 估計方法與實證模型............17
第五章 實證結果分析.................20
5-1樣本設定測試....................20
5-2模型設定測試....................21
第六章 結論與討論...................30
參考文獻..........................32
參考網站..........................33

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