臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究區域是台灣西南部旗山斷層與龍船斷層最為接近的區域，位在國道三號之中寮隧道與田寮三號高架橋一帶。本研究蒐集2011年11月至2014年10月，3個GPS連續站、14個GPS移動站、99個導線點與140個水準點總計共3年之觀測資料，用來獲得研究區域內之地表速度場，並建置二維斷層模型使其瞭解龍船斷層與旗山斷層之斷層幾何與斷層活動。

本研究區域之主要斷層為旗山斷層與龍船斷層，藉由兩條斷層走向將研究區域劃分為三個塊體，分別為龍船斷層之下盤(塊體一)，龍船斷層上盤與旗山斷層下盤(塊體二)，以及旗山斷層之上盤(塊體三)。由研究區域中的水平速度場可以得知：塊體一以44~76 mm/yr呈逆時針旋轉朝西南方向運動；塊體二以75~93 mm/yr朝西北方向運動；塊體三以57~88 mm/yr速度朝西運動。其垂直速度場指出，塊體一之速度量為5~35 mm/yr；塊體二之速度量為20~80 mm/yr；塊體三之速度量為0~10 mm/yr。透過速度剖面可知，跨越龍船斷層之垂直斷層走向分量有約50 mm/yr之擠壓量且為左移斷層。跨越旗山斷層之速度場呈現約30 mm/yr的伸張量，與約80 mm/yr之下盤抬升量，為右移斷層。

由斷層模型可知，龍船斷層之間震滑移速率約1.2 mm/yr，斷層傾角約為32~41度，斷層鎖定深度約為0.11~0.14公里；旗山斷層之間震滑移速率為60 mm/yr左右，斷層傾角約為66度，斷層鎖定深度為0.28~0.53公里。

一般認為要發生大地震，斷層鎖定深度需達約7-10公里，然而龍船斷層在此處的斷層鎖定深度只有約0.1公里，相較於正常之鎖定斷層，斷層的鎖定深度過淺，則無法累積足夠的能量來引發地震，而此現象較趨近於潛移的斷層活動特性，故其發生地震之機率極低，也顯示龍船斷層為具有潛移特性的斷層。旗山斷層之間震滑移速率在60.0 mm/yr附近，具有明顯的潛移特性，綜合上述，顯示旗山斷層為一高傾角之潛移斷層。

Geodetic data were collected between Nov. 2011 and Oct. 2014 from 3 continuous GPS stations, 14 campaign-mode GPS stations, 99 traverse points and 140 leveling measurements in this study region to understand the kinematics of the Chishan fault (CHNF) and the Lungchuan fault (LCNF). We divide the study region into three blocks from CHNF and LCNF. The footwall of LCNF is block I, the hanging wall of LCNF and the footwall of CHNF is block II, and the hanging wall of CHNF is block III. Based on analysis of the surface velocity profile, the block II shows the rapid surface deformation. According to the 2-D block model, the interseismic slip rate of the LCNF is close to zero, and the locking depth is about 0.1 km. The LCNF seems to be a creeping fault. The interseismic slip rate of the CHNF is about 60 mm/yr and its dip angle is about 70°, which indicates that the CHNF is a high dip angle creeping fault.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
誌謝 VII
目錄 IX
表目錄 XI
圖目錄 XII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 2
1.2 研究流程與方法 3
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 地質背景 8
2.1 地層 8
2.2 斷層 10
第三章 測量資料、原理及解算策略 18
3.1 GPS 18
3.2 導線 31
3.3 水準 35
第四章 地表速度場 40
4.1 GPS速度量計算方法 40
4.2 坐標時間序列成果 42
4.3 地表速度場 47
4.4 速度剖面 51
第五章 斷層模型建置 56
5.1 斷層模型原理 56
5.2 斷層模型參數設置 59
5.3 斷層模擬結果 64
第六章 結論與建議 68
參考文獻 71
附錄一 76
附錄二 78

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