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The reduction of pollutant concentration of the waste gases emitted by motor vehicles has become a topical subject in recent years. This study aims to discuss the hazards of pollutant concentrations generated by the motor vehicles in idling to air pollution and human health.
Idling means that the vehicle is parked with the engine starting, and the engine idles under the state of not accelerating. For a long time, motor vehicles are the most popular means of transportation for people in Taiwan, and these vehicles are the main source of air pollutants. The density of motor vehicles in Taiwan is far higher than other countries, and the urban areas in Taiwan are densely covered by traffic lights, so the waste gases emitted during idling seriously pollute the air. Those waste gases not only influence the air quality, but also directly influence humanhealth. This study discussed the implementation achievements of idling stop and control plan in counties and cities of Taiwan in 2012. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software to judge the correlation among the year, area, vehicle type and various pollutants. The reduction amount and fuel consumption amount generated during 3 minutes of idling is estimated.
The results showed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the main product for the incomplete combustion of gasoline and diesel, and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been listed as the pollutants of prior control by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. In the traffic peak hours of the urban areas with dense traffic lights, when the motor vehicles are stopped at the crossing to wait for the traffic light, the engine is in an idling state, and the gasoline and diesel are combusted incompletely. As a result, the concentration of the pollutants emitted is quite high, and motorcyclists are the most direct sufferers.
The analysis found that the pollutants contained in the waste gases emitted by the motor vehicles are distinctive, which indeed affect the human health and generate chronic diseases. According to the pollutant emission of different types of vehicles, the pollutants emitted can be classified into gasoline vehicle pollutants and diesel vehicle pollutants by different oil. The diesel vehicles mainly emit pollutants such as NOx and particles (TSP, PM10, PM6, PM2.5), gasoline vehicles mainly emit SOx, THC, NMHC, and CO, and Pb is mainly from the gasoline. In the analysis on emission coefficient, different vehicle speeds, vehicle types, areas and pollutants also present a highly significant correlation. The reduction amount and fuel consumption also contribute to the reduction of air pollution in a considerable degree.
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