臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文主要探討台灣地區女性是否可能因為婚姻狀態的不同所造成薪資上的差異，已婚女性相較於未婚女性在薪資上的正向差異，文獻上稱為女性婚姻溢酬。歸納過去學者的研究，婚姻溢酬的主要來源可分為三類：家庭分工、個人特質以及雇主偏好。本文運用1980年到2010年的人力資源運用調查與1999年到2007年華人家庭動態資料庫，在計量方法上，採橫斷面分析以及追蹤資料分析方法──隨機效果與固定效果模型進行估計，實證結果顯示，台灣地區的已婚女性存有婚姻溢酬的現象，但在固定效果模型下婚姻溢酬並不顯著，女性婚姻溢酬主要可能來自家庭分工的效果以及觀察不到的個人特質所致。另外，加入結婚年數與幼年子女數，結婚年數的增加不影響女性薪資，且養兒育女不會造成女性工資的減少。

This paper explores whether there exists a marriage wage premium among women in Taiwan. According to previous literature, marriage wage premium can be ascribed to household specialization, unobservable attributes and employer discrimination. This project employs the Manpower Utilization Survey (MUS) during the period of 1980-2010 and Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) surveys during the period 1999-2007. We apply both pooled regression and panel data methods (random effects and fixed effects models) to analyze the data. My empirical results concluded that married women earned more than single women in most settings, but the wage difference shows no significance in the fixed-effect model setting. Most of the marriage wage premium can be attributed to the selection of women with better unobservable characteristics into marriage. In addition, we also find that the returns to marriage is insignificantly related to marital duration and non-decreasingly related to the presence of children.

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究流程 2
第二章 研究背景 4
2.1近三十年台灣女性勞動市場概況 4
2.2相關變數敘述統計 6
2.3迴歸結果分析 13
第三章 文獻回顧 18
2.1婚姻影響工資相關文獻 18
2.1.1 生產力假說 18
2.1.2 選擇性假說 19
2.1.3 雇主偏好假說 20
2.2女性婚姻與薪資報酬 21
2.2.1 婚姻與女性勞動參與 21
2.2.2 婚育與工資 22
第四章 資料處理與變數說明 24
4.1資料來源 24
4.2資料處理 26
4.3變數選擇與基本統計分析 28
第五章 理論與實證模型之設定與實證結果分析 33
5.1 橫斷面資料與追蹤資料的差異及適用性 33
5.1.1 橫斷面資料模型特性與應用 33
5.1.2 追蹤資料模型之特性與應用 34
5.2實證結果分析 38
5.2.1 工資模型 38
5.2.2 實證結果與分析 39
第六章 結論與建議 45
參考文獻 47

一、中文部分
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