本研究提出新的資料分析方法，處理全身振動測量時遭遇人員離座及入座所產生之異常振動值。實驗分別在室內靜態的坐姿下以及實際機車騎乘的情況下進行，收集椅面上振動席盤的加速度訊號，過程中要求受測者持續坐於椅面上或進行離席/入座的動作，以比較人為誤差的大小及評估移除人為誤差方法之可行性。測量所獲之振動加速度訊號在未經及經過人為誤差移除之程序後，分別依據ISO 2631-1 (1997)與ISO 2631-5 (2004)規範計算頻率加權之加速度均方根值（root mean square, RMS）、振動劑量值（vibration dose value, VDV）以及脊椎之等量靜壓劑量值（equivalent static compression dose value, Se），並推算各指標8小時之日暴露量以及容許暴露時間。結果顯示人為離席/入座的動作會造成明顯的測量誤差，本研究所提出移除人為誤差移除之方法對移除靜態坐姿下的人為誤差有顯著的效果，而在實際路測情況下的效果並不顯著，未來有仍須針對本分析方法進一步探討如何選擇適當之分析參數，以移除實際路測所產生之人為誤差。

This study proposes a novel analysis method for removing artifacts caused by driver ingress or egress while measuring whole-body vibration. Whole-body vibration accelerations were collected from a seat pad placed on the seat under indoor sitting still and outdoor motorbike riding conditions with or without subject ingress or egress movements. Acquired acceleration signals going through and without going through artifact removal process were both analyzed according to ISO 2631-1 (1997) and ISO 2631-5 (2004) standards. Frequency-weighted root mean square acceleration (RMS), vibration dose value (VDV), and equivalent static compression dose value (Se) and their daily (8-hr) exposure value and allowable exposure period were calculated to verify the effect of artifact and the adequacy of artifact-removal technique. Analytical results show artifact can cause significant measurement error. The proposed technique can improve the measurement accuracy significantly under sitting still conditions. However, the technique has limited effect in removing artifact introduced during motorbike riding. Further investigation is needed to determine a set of satisfactory parameters for the analysis technique to remove possible artifact introduced under dynamic conditions.

目錄
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 全身振動相關流行病學調查 5
2.2 振動對人體危害之機轉 6
2.3 國際標準組織（ISO）全身振動相關規範 7
2.3.1. ISO2631-1（1985,1997） 7
2.3.2. ISO2631-5（2004） 13
第三章 研究方法 18
3.1 全身振動測量人為誤差移除技術開發 18
3.2 實驗方法 23
3.2.1 受測者 23
3.2.2 實驗設備 24
3.2.3 靜態實驗方法與步驟 25
3.2.4 動態實驗方法與步驟 26
3.2.5 資料處理 30
3.2.6 振動暴露報表 31
3.3 資料分析 33
第四章 結果 34
4.1 靜態實驗結果 34
4.2 動態實驗結果 35
4.3 人為誤差之參數修正及設定 37
第五章 討論 40
第六章 結論與建議 44
6.1 結論 44
6.2 建議 44
參考文獻 45


表目錄
表2-1 垂直方向全身振動暴露最大加速度值m／s2 9
表2-2 水平方向全身振動暴露最大加速度值m／s2 9
表2-3 ISO 2631-1（1997）對不同方向與位置所測得加速度之頻率加權網選用指引(資料來源：ISO 2631-1) 11
表3-1 受測者及受測機車基本資料 24
表4-1 靜態測試之平均日(8hr)暴露(N=5) 34
表4-2 靜態測試之暴露容許時間(單位：小時) 35
表4-3 RMS、VDVd、Sed之日暴露平均（標準差） 36


圖目錄
圖1-1 研究架構 4
圖2-1 全身性振動方向及位置定義(a)坐姿 (b)站姿 8
(斜躺省略，資料來源：ISO 2631-1) 8
圖2-2 ISO 2631-1(1997)之Wd(---)與Wk(—)頻率加權函數 10
圖2-3 ISO 2631-5 預測x, y軸脊椎加速度之線性質量-彈簧模型 14
（資料來源：Alem, 2005） 14
圖2-4 ISO 2631-5預測z軸脊椎加速度之循環式類神經網路模型 15
（資料來源：Alem, 2005） 15
圖3-1 安置於席盤底部之 19
銅片壓力開關 19
圖3-2 分壓電路 19
圖3-3 搭配席盤狀態電路之前處理程式 20
圖3-4　訊號加權公式處理示意 21
圖3-5　前置處理（A）前（B）後的加速度訊號比較 22
圖3-6 振動分析報表輸出（A）原始訊號（B）前置處理後訊號 23
圖3-7可攜式資料記錄器 25
圖3-8無線訊號發射器 25
圖3-9 可攜式錄影機 25
圖3-10加速度校正器 25
圖3-11　三種測試椅：辦公椅(a) 折疊椅(b) 木椅(c) 26
圖3-12 機車騎乘實驗之路徑圖 27
圖3-13 IOS全身性振動方向及位置定義（坐姿） 28
圖3-14 隱藏式攝影機 29
圖3-15 機車騎乘實驗之器材設置 29
圖 3-16 預設之MS Ecxcel樣板 31
圖4-1（A）RMS（B）VDV（C）Se容許暴露時間 37
圖4-2（A）RMS（B）VDV（C）Se容許暴露時間 38
圖5-1 移除人為誤差之Viewlog軟體截圖（圖中兩藍色線條之區間為移除之人為誤差） 42

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