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With regard to the development of Taiwan’s village and community organizations, because their historical backgrounds are different, the function of the two has always been subject to dispute. On the one hand, the village system is one of the major systems of self-rule that has been implemented in Taiwan, but on the other hand, community development has followed political democratization, from top to bottom participation in public affairs has become a very important topic. For a long period of time till now, community organizations were integrated as part of the government’s administrative system. Because of this, how to adjust or integrate current relations between community organizations and village administrative organizations is a topic that cannot be avoided when it comes to the sound development of both.
In recent years, the Executive Yuan Research & Development Assessment Committee, many scholars, PH.D and master graduate students have engaged in research and discussion of the problem of the development of communities and the function of village organizations, only those level of research material places more emphasis on the problem of division and integration of the two organization systems, which is also an issue of whether the relationship between village and community organizations should continue to take the form of two separate systems, or whether the two systems should be integrated to form a single system. In fact, village organizations and community organizations, under current laws and practices, have in principle been set as systems with different missions. Additionally, they both have different resources and supervision systems. The mission of village organizations are set within a basic level of administrative service, as well as to serve as a communication bridge between public offices for rural areas, or higher government levels, and the people at the fundamental level. The mission of community organizations, however, is to deal with activities that are cultural, spiritual, recreational, or educational in nature. The division of rights and missions of the two organizations, undertaking operations for many years, as well as undergoing measures implemented by the government directed at ameliorating the problem between the two types of organizations, the relation between the two different types of organization is already becoming more and more steady, and according to current problems, a comprehensive solution cannot be achieved by improvements to system integration or division alone.
The aim of this research report concerns on the function of village and community groups, investigating existing problems between the two, as well as analyzing the current division of mission responsibilities between village and community groups, and the subject of the behavior of the organization system and the people who participate in it. Such investigations will be performed according to past foundation materials of research done on this topic, from different perspectives including conflict theory, resource mobilization theory, social interaction theory, China’s unique, traditional system of reciprocal human relationships and local factional relationships, Because of the pros and cons of mutual competition or cooperation, we will search for an even finer, more precise and excellent method for interaction, without too much concern over the argument surrounding integration or division of the two systems.
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