臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在創新速率快的產業環境中，如何利用產品獲得最佳利益已成為競爭決勝的關鍵。在目前的經營環境下，企業為求將技術價值發揮至最大之效益，應審慎評估技術投資策略，評量各相關因素，以獲取技術投資組合(Technology Portfolio)之最大效益。

投資組合理論是財務界的重要理論，近年來有學者進一步提出專利投資組合之理論。本研究主要將企業內部的技術，依其不同的組合策略來探討其價值分布，以做為制定決策之基礎。本研究將利用技術鑑價模式、專利與技術策略結合馬可維茲投資組合理論並透過基因演算法(Genetic Algorithms)模擬不同之技術投資組合，試圖找出最大價值之投資組合，依所計算出技術組合價值做為產品定價之參考。

根據本研究之結果，可提供企業高層制定投資決策時的依據，並提出後續發展建議，將技術組合做更多元化的應用。如營業秘密或授權等。

As the innovative speed is much faster in the industrial, how do the enterprises use their products to gain the best benefit that has been the key factor to prevail over rivals? In the present business environment, enterprises should take account of the technology investment strategies deliberately to maximize the technology value.

Investment portfolio theory is important in financial. In recent years, some scholars suggest patent investment portfolio theories in advance. This article is mainly discussing the value distribution of business internal technologies by different portfolio strategies. This study will use the methods of valuating intellectual property rights to estimate the value of single technology. By the means of diffusion model and option pricing theory, we will apply genetic algorithms to simulate different technology portfolios and try to find out the best technology portfolio. Based on the output value, the results of technology portfolio can be used to be the standard of product pricing.
According to the study, it will provide staff suggestions to make relevant decisions by using this model, also offer suggestions of technological follow-up development. The results of study are contributive to make good use of technologies, for instance authorize or trade secret.

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Background and Motivation 1
1.2 Research Objectives 4
1.3 Research Scope and Restrictions 4
1.4 Research Flow 6
Chapter 2 Literature Review 7
2.1 Patent and Technology 7
2.1.1 Definition of Patent 7
2.1.2 Patent Strategy and Patent Arrangement 12
2.1.3 Source of Patent Value and Factors of Influencing Value 17
2.2 Evaluation of Intellectual Assets 20
2.3 Technology Portfolio 23
2.3.1 Mean-Variance Theory 24
2.3.2 Sharpe Index 26
2.3.3 Patent Portfolio Theory 27
2.4 Genetic Algorithms 33
2.4.1 Encoding 36
2.4.2 Fitness Function 36
2.4.3 Selection 36
2.4.4 Crossover 36
2.4.5 Mutation 37
2.4.6 The Research Applied Genetic Algorithms with Technology Portfolio 38
Chap 3 Building the Technology Portfolio Model of Product 40
3.1 Framework of Model 40
3.2 Model Construction 42
3.2.1 Asset Value 42
3.2.1.1 Intangible Assets Model 42
3.2.1.2 Tangible Assets Model 44
3.2.1.3 The Asset Value model 45
3.2.2 Risk Model 45
3.2.3 Patent and Technology Strategy 46
3.3 Portfolio and Sharpe Index 48
3.3.1 Building Efficient Frontier 48
3.3.2 Sharpe Index for Technology Portfolio 49
3.4 Building the Model of Genetic Algorithms 50
Chapter 4 Case Studies 52
4.1 Characteristics of Oncology Medicine in Bio-pharmaceutical Industry 52
4.2 The Study of the Oncology Medicine of Pfizer in Technology Portfolio Model 54
4.2.1 The Study of Oncology Medicine of Pfizer’s Asset Value Aspect 55
4.2.2 The Study of Oncology Medicine of Pfizer’s Risk Value Aspect 63
4.2.3 The Study of Oncology Medicine of Pfizer’s Patent and Technology Strategy Aspect 64
4.3 Sharpe Index for Technology Portfolio 66
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Suggestion 72
5.1 Conclusion 72
5.2 Suggestion 73
Reference 74

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