摩擦聚合物表面使得液晶分子達到配向的方法相當使用，尤其在使用homogeneously配向時更容易達到這種效果。目前更廣泛的使用在液晶顯示器的配向製程中。可是這種摩擦配向的技術所造成各項重要參數之間的相互關係其實相當重要例如：摩擦強度、方位表面錨鉤力、表面錨鉤能、預傾角及秩序參數都是不太容易使人明瞭的。藉由AFM的觀察並利用摩擦配向的方法來研究摩擦強度與預傾角的關係。所以我們將研究這些參數的變化對於配向效果的影響。

In order to better understand liquid crystal alignment on a rubbed polymer surface。Rubbing is a simple but reliable method used to homogeneously align liquid crystal。It is widely used in the actual production of liquid crystal displays。However，this technology investigated the relationship among rubbing strength、azimuthal surface anchoring strength、anchoring energy、pretilt angle and order parameter has not been clarified。Using the rubbed method ，we also studied the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal to the tilt direction as a function of the rubbing strength by AFM。Therefore，we will investigate various parameter。

ㄧ、緒論………………………………………………………...….1
1-1 液晶的發現……………………………………………………1
1-2 液晶的分類……………………………………………………2
1-3液晶的化學結構………………………………………………10
1-4液晶的物理性質………………………………………………13
1-5液晶的應用……………………………………………………15
1-6配向膜的種類…………………………………………………16
1-7研究目的………………………………………………………19
二、原理……………………………………………………………….…23
2-1 液晶分子排列的機能…………………………………………23
2-2 液晶分子排列的種類…………………………………………23
2-3液晶分子排列的方法…………………………………………24
2-4表面張力與液晶分子排列關係………………………………27
2-5非平滑面與液晶分子的排列關係……………………………28
2-6液晶分子排列技術……………………………………………29
2-7摩擦強度………………………………………………………32
2-8Optical Retardation測定………………………………………33
2-9錨鉤能測定……………………………………………………33
三、實驗方法…………………………………………………………….40
3-1 材料……………………………………………………………40
3-2 實驗儀器………………………………………………………40
3-3 測試樣品……………………………………………………....41
四、結果與討論……………………………………………………….46
4-1 配向cell的偏光顯微鏡觀察………………………………..46
4-1-1 PVA配向cell的偏光顯微鏡觀察…………………..46
4-1-2 PI Cell配向的偏光顯微鏡觀察……………………54
4-2 PI Cell的光學測試…………………………………………..58
4-2-1 預傾角的測試………………………………………..58
4-2-2 不同性質的配向膜預傾角測試……………………..59
4-2-3 改變基板與毛刷間隙度……………………………..94
4-2-4 非可溶性配向膜測試……………………………….120
4-3 Anchoring Energy 測試……………………………………..137
4-4 原子力顯微鏡測試………………………………………….149
五、結論………………………………………………………………197
參考文獻………………………………………………………………199

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