臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目前無線射頻身份識別系統（Radio Frequency Identification System, RFID）的應用已相當普遍，但主要關鍵組件大多為國外大廠所掌握，僅有少數國內廠商有能力著手發展關鍵組件。本論文研究發展完成二套無線身份識別系統，可應用於門禁管制、停車場管理及互動式玩具。125kHz無線身份識別系統為雙頻雙天線架構，讀取機使用兩天線，一天線用於發射訊號至應答器，另一天線用於接收應答器之回應訊號。應答器電源及系統時脈係由讀取機以250kHz之射頻訊號充電，應答器並將識別碼以125kHz之載波作DPSK調變回應給讀取機，讀取機對回應訊號進行濾波、放大及解調以讀取應答器回應之識別碼，此一系統之設計將可使應答器與讀取機距離小於25公分時進行資料讀取動作。而13.56MHz無線身份識別系統係針對短距離，低成本而設計。應答器使用PWM調變方式回應識別碼給讀取機。此一系統可使應答器與讀取機距離小於10公分時進行資料讀取動作。
本論文研究所涉及之技術領域包括讀取機天線、讀取機接收濾波器、讀取機放大器、讀取機解調電路、應答器天線、應答器調變電路之設計。從系統規格制定、電路設計到系統測試，所有電路均自行研製，或與國內IC設計公司合作開發完成。

Recently RFID system had been adopted widely in many applications, but the key components are still supplied by the international manufactures. Only a few of local companies have this capability to develop the key components of RFID system.
In this thesis, we had accomplished two RFID Systems, which may be applied to access control, parking management and interactive toys. 125kHz RFID system is designed by dual band and dual antenna architecture. The reader contain two antennas, one is for transmitting signal for transponder, and the other one is for receiving respond signal from transponder. Transponder is charged by the reader through the air with 250kHz magnetic signal, then transponder will respond ID code by DPSK modulation at 125kHz. Reader will filter, amplify, and demodulate the signal to analyze the responding code. This design can be operated within the distance of 25 cm. And the 13.56MHz RFID system is especially designed for short range and low cost application, using PWM modulation at 13.56MHz, this design can work within the distance 10 cm.
The technology involved in this thesis is very wide including antenna, filter, amplifier, and demodulator circuit for reader and transponder. All system from system spec to circuit design and testing use our own design or co-operate with local IC design companies.

第一章 緒論
1.1 研究動機及相關背景
1.2 研究方法
1.3 各章提要
第二章 無線射頻身份識別系統
2.1 無線射頻身份識別系統
2.2 無線射頻身份識別系統工作頻段與規範
2.3 無線射頻身份識別系統分析
2.3.1 射頻充電
2.3.2 負載調變：
2.3.3 量測耦合系數k
2.4 天線的設計
第三章 125kHz 無線射頻身份識別系統設計
3.1 雙頻雙天線無線射頻身份識別系統簡介
3.2 雙頻雙天線無線射頻身份識別系統調變與解調
3.3 125kHz 無線射頻身份識別系統應答器的設計
3.3.1 雙頻雙天線無線射頻身份識別系統應答器架構
3.3.2 雙頻雙天線無線射頻身份識別系統應答器晶片
3.3.3 雙頻雙天線無線射頻身份識別系統應答器實體
3.4 125kHz 無線射頻身份識別系統讀取機的設計
3.4.1 硬體部分
1. 方塊圖
2. 細部電路及解說
(1) 濾波電路
(2) 高頻放大電路
(3) 取樣保持電路
(4) 天線驅動電路
(5) 天線設計
3. 讀取機實體
3.4.2 軟體部分
第四章 13.56MHz 無線射頻身份識別系統設計
4.1 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統簡介
4.2 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統調變與資料格式
4.3 13.56MHz 無線射頻身份識別系統應答器的設計
4.3.1 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統應答器架構
4.3.2 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統應答器晶片
4.3.3 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統應答器天線設計
4.4 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統讀取機的設計
4.4.1 中距離讀取機
1. 方塊圖
2. 電路圖
4.4.2 短距離讀取機
1. 方塊圖
2. 電路圖
第五章 無線射頻身份識別系統量測
5.1 125kHz無線射頻身份識別系統量測
5.1.1 125kHz無線射頻身份識別系統天線調整與量測
5.1.2 125kHz無線射頻身份識別系統應答晶片量測
5.1.3 讀取機高頻放大電路的微調
5.1.4 讀取機高頻放大電路頻率響應的測試
5.2 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統量測
5.2.1 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統天線量測
5.2.2 13.56MHz無線射頻身份識別系統應答晶片量測
第六章 結論
參考文獻

[1] Klaus. JOHN WILEY, Finkenzeller “RFID HANDBOOK”, 1999
[2] Youbok Lee, “ RFID Coil Design ” Application Note AN678 by
Microchip Technology Inc.
[3]”RFID Made Easy”, EM MICROELECTRONIC-MARIN SA
[4]”Using low power transponders and tags for RFID applications”, EM MICROELECTRONIC-MARIN SA
[5] Texas Instruments Registration and Identification System
(TIRIS) application brochure, 1992.
[6] microID™ 13.56 MHz RFID System Design Guide, 1999, Microchip Technology Inc.
[7] microID™ 125kHz RFID System Design Guide, 1998, Microchip Technology Inc.
[8] R. Page, “A Low Power RFID Transponder, ”RF Design.
pp31-34, July 1993.
[9] U2270 Antenna Design Hints, 1999, Atmel Technology Inc.
[10] HF Antenna Design Cookbook Technical Application Report, March 2001, Texas Instruments Technology Inc.
[11] 楊承翰，“以0.35um CMOS 積體電路技術設計13.56MHz
無線射頻身份識別系統讀卡機” ，元智大學電機工程研究所，碩士論文，2002。
[12] San-Mou Wu, Jeng-Rern Yang and Tzen-Yi Liu, ” A Transponder IC for Wireless Identification Systems,” 1996 IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications.
[13] San-Mou Wu, Jeng-Rern Yang and Tzen-Yi Liu, ” An ASIC Transponder for Radio Frequency Identification System,” 1996 IEEE International ASIC Conference.
[14] R.Schneiderman, “RFID Tags Locate Growing Wireless Markets,” Microwaves & RF Magazine, Feb. 1994.
[15] U. Kaiser and W. Steinhagen, “A low-power Transponder IC for High Performace Identification Systems,” IEEE J. of Solid State Circuits, vol.30, pp.306-309, March 1995.
[16] Ulrich Rohde Jerry Whitaker “Communications Receivers”, McGraw-Hill, 2001.
[17] Constanantine A. Balanis, ”Antenna Theory Analysis And Design, ” second edition, chapter 5.