臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在提高動柱式高精密平面磨床的靜態和動態性能，以減少機台在運行過程中的變形和共振。將有限元分析方法應用於整機的機械結構設計、靜態特性分析、模態分析、暫態分析。從靜態特性分析出本研究探討之主軸頭的最大變形為134μm，增加配重後降為40μm。模態分析獲得的前六個模態頻率是26Hz、27Hz、44Hz、51Hz、68Hz。其中第二模態的振型會直接影響機台加工時的精度。為進一步分析振動信號處理對加工質量的影響，本文採用暫態響應分析方法研究了模擬加工過程中之395.219N側向力以及258.191N垂直力的影響，且進行實際實驗研究整機性能，測量磨床結構的頻率和振動模式，進一步與模擬結果驗證邊界條件和參數。結果有力地顯示出磨床的結構性能和加工穩定性，並且提供建議與改善。

This study aims to improve the static and dynamic performance of high-precision grinding machines to reduce the deformation and resonance of the machine during operation. The finite element analysis method is applied to the mechanical structure design, static characteristic analysis, modal analysis, and transient analysis of the whole machine. From the static characteristics analysis, the maximum deformation of the spindle head in this study is 134μm, and reduced to 40μm by the application of counterweight. The first six modal frequencies obtained by modal analysis are 26 Hz, 27 Hz, 44 Hz, 51 Hz, and 68 Hz. The vibration mode of the second mode directly affects the accuracy of the machine processing. In order to further analyze the influence of vibration signal processing on machining quality, this research uses the transient response analysis method to study the influence of 395.219N lateral force and 258.191N vertical force in the simulation process, and conducts actual experiments to study the performance of the whole machine. The frequency and vibration modes of the structure are further verified with simulation results for the madifications of boundary conditions and parameters. The results strongly demonstrate the structural properties and processing stability of the grinder and provide recommendations and improvements.

中文摘要 .................................................................................................................................... i
Abstract………...……………………………………………………………………………...... ii
誌謝 ..…………………………………………………………………………….…….....…...iii
目錄 ...……………………………………………………………..……………………....…...iv
表目錄...………………………………………………………………………...………….......vii
圖目錄 ...……………………………………………………………………………………..viii
第一章 緒論...……………………………………………………………….……………….... 1
1.1 前言...……………………………………………………………….……………....... 1
1.2 研究動機及目的….…………………………………………………….…………..... 2
1.3 文獻回顧………….……………………………………………..………………….... 2
1.4 論文架構……….….………………………………………………….…………….... 3
第二章 研究方法………………………………………………………………..……….…..... 4
2.1 有限元素分析………..….………………………………………………...………..... 4
2.1.1 有限元素分析介紹…...……………………………………………………..... 4
2.1.2 軟體ANSYS介紹…...…....………………………………………………...... 4
2.1.3 分析步驟及流程……....….…………………………………………………... 5
2.2 靜動態分析基礎理論………………………………………………...………..... 7
2.2.1 靜態特性分析…….…...….….……………………………………………….. 7
2.2.2 模態分析………….…...….….……………………………………………...... 7
2.2.3 簡諧響應分析…...…………...……………………………………………….. 8
第三章 動柱式高精密平面磨床靜動態分析……………………………………………….. 10
3.1 分析流程………..…………………………………………………………...…….... 10
3.2 前處理……..……………………………………………………………….....…….. 11
3.2.1 建立CAD……………...…………………………………………....……….. 11
3.2.2 設定材料參數………………………………………………………..…..….. 12
3.2.3 建立網格………………………………………………………….....………. 13
3.2.4 設定邊界條件……………………………………………………………….. 15
3.3 靜態特性分析...……………………………………………….…...………..…….... 17
3.3.1 邊界條件設定………………………………………………………...……... 17
3.3.2 結果分析…………………………………………………………….....……. 18
3.4 模態分析...………………………………………………….……...……………….. 19
3.5 暫態響應分析...…………………………………………………………………….. 22
3.5.1 邊界條件設定………………………………………………………...…..…. 22
3.5.2 結果分析…………………………………………………………….....……. 23
第四章 實驗方法與分析…………………………………………………………............….. 24
4.1 實驗方法…………...………………………………………………………..…..….. 24
4.1.1 模態實驗介紹………………………………………………………...…..…. 24
4.1.2 簡諧響應實驗介紹…………………………………………………...…..…. 25
4.2 實驗設備介紹…………...………………………………………………………….. 27
4.2.1 衝擊鎚……………………………………………………………….....……. 27
4.2.2 加速規……………………………………………………………….....……. 28
4.2.3 頻譜分析儀………………………………………………………...……..…. 29
4.2.4 高精度電容式位移計……………………………………………….....……. 30
4.2.5 Novian………………………….………………………………………........... 30
4.2.6 ME'scope…………………………………………………………….....…….. 31
4.3 實驗分析………………...…………………………………………………….....…. 32
4.3.1 機台介紹……………………………………………………………...…..…. 32
4.3.2 模態實驗過程………………………………………………………...……... 33
4.3.3 模態分析結果………………………………………………………...……... 45
4.3.4 暫態響應實驗過程………………………………………………..……........ 49
4.3.5 暫態響應分析結果……………………………………………………….…. 50
第五章 實驗與理論分析比較及對策改善……………………………………….....………. 53
5.1 實驗與分析結果比較……………………………………………………………..... 53
5.1.1 模態實驗與分析結果比較……………………………..………………...…. 53
5.1.2 暫態響應實驗與分析結果比較..……………….……………….………….. 52
5.2 對策改善……………………………………….………………………………..….. 56
第六章 結論與未來展望………………………………………………....……..…..……….. 58
6.1 結論……………………………………………………………….…………..…….. 58
6.2 未來與展望………………………………………………………………...……….. 59
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………………….…..…...… 60
附錄一 整機實際部點…………………………………………………….………..………... 62

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