臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文的研究目的是開發一可參數式桌上型金屬微成形伺服沖壓機，並研究沖壓參數對銅薄板的成形極限影響，以獲得製作微引伸元件的最大成形極限加工參數。利用伺服馬達帶動螺桿，使螺桿帶動沖頭進行沖壓曲線的運動，再透過力量感知器接收沖壓時所提供的力量，回傳到系統中進行數據分析與探討。本文中結論探討出沖頭的R角問題，“R角越大，引伸深度越深；R角越小，引伸深度越淺”，沖頭的選擇影響工件的成形品質。在不同沖壓曲線的結果分析上，使用間歇下模且等速退模的運動曲線可獲得較低的沖壓力與好的良率，而沖頭速度增加可增加成形的深度。另外，在實驗中選取最差的加工參數進行添加R32機油來潤滑以進行沖壓，結果發現開放式潤滑對改善成形極限無效，這可能是潤滑液選擇錯誤或開放式潤滑模式無法有效提供即時的潤滑所致。

The aim of this study is to develop a parametric desktop metal micro-forming servo press, and to investigate the influence of stamping parameters on the forming limit of copper sheet to obtain the maximum forming limit for making micro drawing components. The developed servo press system uses a servo motor to drive the screw, so that the screw drives the punch to perform the movement of the punching curve, and then receives the reaction force through the force sensor, and transmits it back to the system for data analysis. The experimental results show that the larger R angle of punch corner, the deeper of drawing depth. Therefore, the R-angle of the punch affects the forming limit. In the analysis of the results of different stamping curves, the motion curve of the pulse punch press and the constant velocity of punch lift can obtain lower punching force and good quality of product. In addition, increasing punch speed can increase the drawing depth. In the experiment, the worst processing parameters were selected to add R32 oil to lubricate for stamping. However, it was found that open lubrication is ineffective in improving the forming limit, which may be due to incorrect lubricant selection or open lubrication mode that does not provide effective lubrication.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iii
目錄...iv
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
第一章 緒論...1
1.1. 前言...1
1.2. 研究背景...3
1.3. 沖床比較...4
1.3.1. 傳統機械式沖床...4
1.3.2. 伺服沖床...5
1.3.3. 傳統機械式與伺服沖床比較...7
1.4. 沖壓加工介紹...7
1.4.1. 沖剪加工 (Shearing)...8
1.4.2. 彎曲加工(Bending)...8
1.4.3. 鍛造加工(Froging)...9
1.4.4. 下料加工(Blanking)...10
1.4.5. 引伸加工(Drawing)...10
1.5. 引伸加工(Drawing)介紹探討...11
1.5.1. 引伸成形接觸特徵...12
1.5.2. 引伸加工曲線特徵...13
1.6. 現有技術問題說明...15
1.6.1. 滑移路徑對成形極限的影響...15
1.6.2. 摩擦係數對位移路徑的影響...16
1.6.3. 尺寸效應對不連續成形加工的影響...17
1.6.4. 沖頭位置的控制精度對間斷性成形的影響...18
1.7. 文獻回顧...19
1.7.1. 伺服沖床與引伸加工相關文獻...19
1.8. 研究動機與目的...21
第二章 研究方法與步驟...22
2.1. 引伸加工材料理論探討...22
2.1.1. 金屬塑性變形原理...22
2.1.2. 影響塑性變形之因素...23
2.2. 材料性質與試驗...24
2.2.1. 試驗目的...24
2.2.2. 拉伸試驗方法...24
2.3. 伺服沖床微金屬薄板成型機...25
2.4. 控制程式...26
2.5. 引伸微圓管尺寸與模具設計...26
2.6. 伺服沖床加工曲線路徑建立...28
2.6.1. 單一曲柄式加工路徑(等速下模與等速退模)...28
2.6.2. 混和單一曲柄式與擺動式加工路徑(等速下模與間歇退模、間歇下模與等速退模)...29
2.6.3. 單一擺動式加工路徑(間歇下模與間歇退模)...30
第三章 實驗結果...31
3.1. 材料性質分析結果...31
3.2. 微伺服沖床...31
3.3. R10等速引伸與變速引伸曲線比對...32
3.3.1. R10 等速下模與等速退模之曲線加工路徑...32
3.3.2. R10 等速下模與間歇退模之曲線加工路徑...33
3.3.3. R10 間歇下模與等速退模之曲線加工路徑...34
3.3.4. R10 間歇下模與間歇退模之曲線加工...35
3.4. R4等速引伸與變速引伸曲線比對...36
3.5.1. R4等速下模與等速退模之曲線加工路徑...36
3.5.2. R4等速下模與間歇退模之曲線加工路徑...37
3.5.3. R4間歇下模與等速退模之曲線加工路徑...38
3.5.4. R4間歇下模與間歇退模之曲線加工...39
3.5. 添加潤滑介質...40
3.5.1. 中鋼R32機油介紹...40
3.5.2. R10 4種不同加工之曲線加工路徑...41
3.5.3. R4 沖頭對4種不同加工之曲線加工路徑...42
第四章 實驗結果與討論...44
4.1. R10沖頭實驗結果...44
4.2. R4沖頭實驗結果...47
4.3. R10添加潤滑沖壓實驗結果...50
4.4. R4添加潤滑沖壓實驗結果...50
第五章 結論...52
第六章 未來展望...53
參考文獻...54
Extended Abstract...56

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