臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

精密移動元件的精度是系統機台的長時間精度與可靠度的重要影響因素之一，然而移動元件在長時間的操作情況下，其表面微小形貌，例如粗度的大小、粗度波峰數量、波峰曲率半徑，卻隨著時間與磨損程度的不同而改變，因此在操作過程中，表面波峰接觸溫度與內部應力應變會逐漸變化，以致影響表面傳動性能的改變。過去對界面性能之分析，大部分以表面光滑視之，其與實際狀況有甚大差異。本文即是以微觀角度，探討工程表面具有粗度之實際狀況，分析表面粗度值大小、表面波峰數目、波峰曲率半徑對接觸面之影響。
本文以商業用有限元素分析軟體Ansys研究三維工程表面在不同粗度大小、波峰密度與波峰曲率半徑接觸壓力下，微小粗度波峰表面與內部之溫度與應力情形，分析結果顯示(1)粗度固定、波峰密度固定下，波峰曲率半徑越小均會造成表面溫度的上升，其中在一般工程加工粗度範圍內，曲率半徑影響最大(2)粗度波峰內部之最大剪應力大於表面，並且由於粗糙度、曲率半徑、壓力的增加, 最大剪應力發生點深度愈大，因此工程表面在不同粗度大小、曲率半徑、波峰數目下，發生點蝕或表面破損的起始點並不同。(3)在粗糙度與壓力固定的情況下，曲率半徑越小，其最大剪應力越大。(4)最大正向應力同樣在粗糙度固定與壓力固定下，曲率半徑越小，其正向應力也越大。(5)最大等效應力在粗糙度固定與壓力固定下，曲率半徑越小，其最大等效應力也越大。(6)曲率半徑越小其接觸面積也越小，導致其應力越大。

The accuracy of precision moving components is one of the important factors affecting the long-term accuracy and reliability of the system machine. However, the surface of the moving component has a small surface topography such as the thickness and the number of coarse peaks under long-term operation. The radius of curvature of the peak changes with time and degree of wear. Therefore, during the operation, the surface peak contact temperature and internal stress and strain will gradually change, which will affect the change of surface transmission performance. In the past, most of the analysis of interface performance was smooth on the surface, which is very different from the actual situation. In this paper, the actual situation of the rough surface of the engineering surface is discussed from the microscopic point of view, and the influence of the surface roughness value, the number of surface peaks and the radius of curvature of the peak on the contact surface is analyzed.
In this paper, the commercial finite element analysis software is used to study the temperature and stress of the surface of the three-dimensional engineering surface under different thickness, peak density and peak radius of curvature. The analysis results show that (1) the thickness is fixed. When the peak density is fixed, the smaller the radius of curvature of the peak will cause the surface temperature to rise. Among them, the radius of curvature has the greatest influence in the general engineering processing thickness range. (2) The maximum shear stress inside the coarse peak is larger than the surface, and Degree, radius of curvature, pressure increase, the maximum depth of the maximum shear stress occurs, so the starting point of pitting or surface damage is different under different thickness, radius of curvature and number of peaks. (3) In the case where the roughness and pressure are fixed, the smaller the radius of curvature, the more the maximum shear stress increases. (4) The maximum forward stress is also fixed under the fixed roughness and pressure. The smaller the radius of curvature, the greater the forward stress. (5) The maximum equivalent stress is fixed under fixed pressure and fixed pressure. The smaller the radius of curvature, the larger the maximum equivalent stress. (6) The smaller radius of curvature caused contact area small, resulting in the stress bigger.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
符號說明...xv
第一章 緒論與文獻回顧...1
1.1 前言與緒論...1
1.2 研究動機...1
1.3 論文架構...3
1.4 文獻回顧...4
1.4.1 接觸溫度文獻回顧...4
1.4.2 應力與應變文獻回顧...5
第二章 理論基礎...7
2.1 赫茲接觸理論...7
2.2 接觸溫度概論...10
2.3 熱傳理論...10
2.3.1 熱傳導(Conduction)...10
2.3.2 熱對流(Convection)...11
2.3.3 熱輻射(Radiation)...11
2.4 摩擦熱理論...12
2.5 溫度增量方程式...13
第三章 有限元素法分析介紹與參數設定...14
3.1 ANSYS有限元素分析軟體介紹...14
3.1.1 有限元素法起源與介紹...14
3.1.2 ANSYS分析軟體的發展...14
3.2 ANSYS的原理與模擬過程...15
3.2.1 有限元素法的原理...15
3.3 模型尺寸與參數設定...17
3.4 模型之表面粗糙度介紹...18
第四章 結果與討論...20
4.1 分析條件與分佈圖...20
4.2 波峰接觸變形...23
4.2.1 波峰表面之正向應力與接觸間隙分佈關係...23
4.2.2 上滑塊最大正向應力比較...24
4.2.3 波峰內部之正向應力與接觸間隙分佈關係...24
4.2.4 不同壓力之接觸面積比較...25
4.3 波峰表面與內部之溫升分佈...35
4.3.1 波峰表面之溫升分佈與接觸間隙...35
4.3.2 波峰內部之溫升分佈與接觸間隙...36
4.4 波峰表面與內部之應力分佈...44
4.4.1 波峰表面之等效應力與等效應變關係...44
4.4.2 波峰內部之等效應力與等效應變關係...45
4.4.3 波峰之最大等效應力深度與粗糙度之關係...46
4.4.4 波峰表面之剪應力與剪應變關係...46
4.4.5 波峰內部之剪應力與剪應變關係...48
4.4.6 波峰之最大剪應力深度與粗糙度之關係...48
第五章 結論與建議...66
5.1 溫升參數之變化與比較...66
5.2 應力與應變之關係變化與比較...66
5.3 未來展望...67
參考文獻...68
Extended Abstract...70

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