臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，隨著科技的進步，各國積極發展智慧家庭技術。智慧家庭的目的旨在將傳統的家電產品用電資訊數位化，透過通訊技術，建構家庭區域網路，以實現家庭內部用電資訊的整合。本研究的設計目標是實現一個多重電能監控系統。這個系統可以透過電力線網路連結家中各個房間電器產品，取得用電數據並彙整傳送至伺服器端及行動裝置以達到即時的電能監控。
本研究採用具有窄頻電力線通訊技術之電力線載波模組以實現用電數據可以在電力線網路中傳輸。同時使用TDMA的技術將各個數據傳送至伺服器端以達到多重用電數據的傳輸且彼此之間不會互相干擾。另外此系統包含了取樣電路、電能量測晶片ADE7763與FPGA平台等部分以構成的電能量測系統其可用以將家電產品的用電資訊數位化。本研究首先以Pspice對所設計的電路進行模擬驗證後，再進行實體電路實現。所提系統中的FPGA是利用SPI傳輸介面與ADE7763連結以取得用電資訊。所取得用電資訊會利用FPGA平台轉換成詳細用電數據，再透過電力線通訊模組將數據上傳至電力線網路再傳至伺服器端。本研究使用MATLAB Simulink模擬SPI的腳位訊號並與實際電路所量測的實際訊號做比對以驗證其正確性。在伺服器端一個能夠即時監控電器設備用電數據的人機介面系統是使用Microsoft Visual C#所撰寫。此一人機介面系統可將用電數據即時呈現在顯示器上，並將詳細數據儲存於透過AppServ所架設MySQL雲端資料庫中。而後將儲存的數據繪製折線圖，計算其平均值再與實際量測結果作比對，其結果是相當接近。本研究中的即時用電數據可利用藍牙通訊技術傳送至行動裝置。在行動裝置上，App Inventor 2被用來實現一個可即時接收用電數據的APP程式以方便使用者可以使用行動裝置即時的查看家中的用電情形。此外，亦可經由網際網路使用本研究開發的即時監測用電數據的網頁以可達到即時監測的目的。

In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, countries have actively developed smart home technologies. The purpose of smart home is to digitize the electricity consumption information of traditional appliances and build a home area network using communication technologies so as to realize the integration of domestic electricity consumption information. The design goal of this study is to implement a multiple power monitoring system. The system can connect appliances in various rooms through the power line network to obtain electricity data and send it to servers and mobile devices for real-time power monitoring.
In this study, a narrow-band power line communication module is used to realize the data transmission in the power line network. Meanwhile, the TDMA technology is used to transmit each data to the server for achieving the transmission of multiple power data and does not interfere with each other. In addition, the system includes a sampling circuit, an electrical energy measuring chip ADE7763 and an FPGA platform to constitute an electrical energy measurement system which can be used to digitize the power consumption information of household appliances. In this study, the designed circuit was simulated and verified by Pspice first, and then implemented practically. The power consumption information obtained in the system is sent from the ADE7763 to the FPGA via the SPI interface. The obtained information is converted into detailed power consumption data using the FPGA platform, and uploaded to the power line network via the power line communication module and then transmitted to the server. MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the pin signal of SPI and compare it with the signal measured in the practical circuit to verify its correctness. A human-machine interface system capable of real-time monitoring of electrical data for electrical equipment on the server is written using Microsoft Visual C#. This man-machine interface system can instantly display power data on the monitor and store detailed data in the MySQL cloud database set up through AppServ. The stored data is then plotted on a line graph, and the average value is calculated and compared with the actual measurement result. The results are quite similar. The real-time electricity data can be transmitted to mobile devices using Bluetooth. On mobile devices, an APP program implemented by App Inventor 2 can instantly receive power data so that users can check the power consumption using mobile device instantly. In addition, a web page of monitoring electricity data is developed to achieve real-time monitoring through the Internet.

摘要.....................................i
Abstract................................ii
誌謝....................................iv
目錄.....................................v
表目錄.................................vii
圖目錄................................viii
第一章 緒論.............................1
1.1 研究背景.........................1
1.2 文獻回顧.........................2
1.3 研究目的.........................4
1.4 研究方法.........................4
1.5 章節概要.........................6
第二章 理論與技術.......................7
2.1 通訊技術.........................7
2.1.1 電力線通訊(PLC)..................7
2.1.2 分時多工存取(TDMA)...............10
2.1.3 串列週邊介面(SPI)................11
2.1.4 通用非同步接收發送器(UART)........12
2.1.5 藍牙(Bluetooth)..................13
2.2 硬體技術.........................14
2.2.1 電能量測晶片......................14
2.2.2 現場可程式邏輯閘陣列(FPGA).........18
2.3 軟體技術..........................19
2.3.1 Microsoft Visual C#開發軟體.......19
2.3.2 App Inventor 2開發軟體............19
第三章 系統架構..........................20
3.1 電能取樣電路......................23
3.2 電能量測晶片......................27
3.3 FPGA主系統........................32
3.4 電力線通訊模組.....................37
3.5 伺服器介面架構.....................38
3.6 行動裝置架構.......................39
第四章 模擬與實測結果.....................40
4.1 電路模擬與實測.....................41
4.2 使用者介面.........................46
4.2.1 伺服器介面顯示.....................46
4.2.2 行動裝置介面顯示...................49
4.2.3 即時監控網頁介面...................53
4.3 用電數據分析.......................55
第五章 結論...............................58
5.1 總結...............................58
5.2 未來展望...........................58
參考文獻...................................59
附錄一....................................62
附錄二....................................63
Extended Abstract.........................64

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