臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統勞力密集型產業生產力主要來自於產線中的操作員，然而操作員的經驗與能力等情況各有差異，如何適當地分配操作員將影響到產品產出量與企業競爭力。本研究針對考慮操作員具有不同技術水準下之型IV生產線平衡問題，建構數學規劃模型，目標為最小化工作站數量及最大化工作單元之間關聯性，以求得工作站、工作單元、機器類型和操作員的最佳配置。
由於問題複雜度提升將使模型求解效率降低，故本研究發展啟發式演算法，此方法結合建立可行平衡解之流程與模擬退火演算法，並利用反應曲面法求得演算法最佳參數組合，此外，藉由與數學規劃模型獲得之最佳解比較，亦驗證了所提出的演算法之可行性。最後透過大型實務案例，進行參數敏感度分析，了解不同參數水準對配置結果造成之影響。

Traditional labor-intensive industry productivity comes mainly from operators in the production line, However, the operator’s experience and ability are different, how to properly assign operators will affect product output and corporate competitiveness. This study aims to construct a mathematical programming model considering the operators with different skill levels of the type IV assembly line balancing problem, the goal is to minimize the number of workstations and maximize the relationship between tasks, to find workstations, tasks, machine type and operators optimal configuration.
As the complexity of the problem increases, the efficiency of the model is reduced. Therefore, this research develops a heuristic algorithm, this method combines the procedure of building feasible balancing solutions with the simulated annealing algorithm, using the response surface methodology to find the best combination of algorithms. In addition, by comparing the best solution obtained with the mathematical programming model, also verified the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. Finally, through a large practical case, parameter sensitivity analysis, understand the impact of different parameter levels on the configuration results.

摘要........i
Abstract........ii
誌謝........iv
目錄........v
表目錄........vii
圖目錄........ix
第一章 緒論........1
1.1 研究背景與動機........1
1.2 研究目的........2
1.3 研究範圍與假設........2
1.4 研究流程........3
第二章 文獻探討........5
2.1 生產線平衡問題........5
2.2 型IV生產線平衡問題........8
2.3 考慮操作員技術水準之生產線平衡問題........10
2.4 模擬退火演算法........12
2.5 實驗設計-反應曲面法........16
第三章 問題定義........19
3.1 定義問題........19
3.2 數學規劃模型........21
3.3 測試問題........25
第四章 演算法測試與開發........32
4.1 建立可行平衡解之流程........32
4.2 模擬退火演算法之流程........51
4.3 模擬退火演算法之參數設定........55
4.4 測試問題與驗證........61
4.4.1 測試環境與測試問題........62
4.4.2啟發式演算法測試結果與比較........62
第五章 實務案例........66
5.1 案例說明........66
5.2 啟發式演算法之規劃結果........69
5.3 參數敏感度分析........72
5.3.1 週期時間對工作站數量與關聯性之影響........72
5.3.2 機器類型上限數量對工作站數量與關聯性之影響........74
5.3.3 操作員技術水準對初始操作員人數之影響........75
第六章 結論與建議........77
6.1 結論........77
6.2 建議........78
參考文獻........79
附錄A........84
Extended Abstract........88

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