臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國際競爭的環境下，因產品型態逐漸複雜，多軸工具機逐漸取代三軸工具機，無論在加工效率，品質或是利潤，都有著明顯的提升。加上現在電腦發達，利用電腦編程刀具路徑，使加工更加便利。
後處理技術是數控加工編程的關鍵技術，也是CAD/CAM系統與工具機間的重要媒介，它直接影響零件的加工品質、效率以及機台運作的可靠性，然而後處理製作與修改困難，需要由專業人員協助，而一般的使用者僅能付費購買專用後處理，若能了解刀具路徑檔的資料格式與涵義，則可自行開發後處理程式。
本文研究之目的為將商業軟體Mastercam2018所產生的刀具路徑檔NC Intermediate (NCI)，進行解析並利用NCI所提供之刀尖點、接觸點、接觸點法向量等資料、演算出刀軸向量、各軸的運動值及工作程序單所需的加工資訊，並利用Visual C#建構其數學模型及轉換介面，使NCI檔匯入程式能自動生成NC檔與工作程序單。透過實體模擬切削軟體VERICUT進行驗證比對，確認本研究撰寫之數控程式轉換正確性，最後本文使用BC主軸/床台傾斜型五軸機及XYZC車銑複合機進行實體切削驗證。

In the environment of international competition, because of the complexity of the product type, the multi axis machine tool is gradually replacing the three axis machine tool. It has resulted in a significant improvement in the processing efficiency, quality and profit. With the development of computers now, the use of computer in programming tool path makes processing more convenient.
Post processing technology is the key technology of NC programming. It is also an important medium between CAD/CAM system and machine tool. It directly affects the processing quality, efficiency and the reliability of the operation of the machine. However, it is difficult to make and modify the post processing. It is necessary for the professional personnel to help, and the general users can only pay for the special purchase. Developing a postprocessor is possible if the data format and meaning of tool path file is known and analyzed.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the tool path file NC Intermediate (NCI) produced by the commercial software Mastercam, and to analyze and utilize the data of the tip point, contact point, contact point vector and other data provided by NCI, so that the tool axis vector, the motion values of each axis and the process operation information can be determined. This was coded by Visual C#. Its mathematical model and conversion interface enable NCI files to automatically generate NC files and process operation sheet. Through the verification of the solid simulation cutting software VERICUT, the correctness of the numerical control program written in this study is confirmed. Finally, this paper uses the BC Table/Spindle-tilting type five axis machine tool and the XYZC turn-mill machine tool for practical cutting verification.

摘要...i
Abstract...iii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...x
圖目錄...xii
符號說明...xvii
中英文對照表...xix
第一章 緒論...1
1.1研究動機與目的...1
1.2文獻回顧...3
1.2.1多軸後處理演算...3
1.2.2車銑複合機...5
1.2.3 Mastercam後處理...7
1.3研究方法與步驟...9
1.4論文架構...11
第二章 相關技術...12
2.1多軸工具機座標系統...12
2.1.1機械座標系統...12
2.1.2齊次座標轉換矩陣...13
2.2多軸控制器應用...16
2.2.1 SYNTEC控制器斜平面加工[28]...16
2.2.2 SYNTEC控制器刀尖點控制[28]...17
2.3車銑極座標插補...18
2.4相關軟體介紹...19
2.4.1電腦輔助設計/製造軟體Mastercam 2018...19
2.4.2實體切削模擬軟體VERICUT...20
2.4.3程式介面開發軟體Visual C#...21
2.5五軸工具機構型...22
第三章 程式介面與相關理論介紹...25
3.1 Mastercam刀具路徑檔...25
3.1.1 NCI資料結構...25
3.1.2運動指令格式...27
3.1.3起始指令格式...27
3.1.4鑽孔循環指令格式...29
3.1.5雜項指令格式...30
3.1.6 Mastercam刀具路徑檔產生...31
3.2後處理...33
3.2.1 Mastercam後處理概述...33
3.2.2五軸後處理程式...34
3.2.3 BC主軸/床台傾斜型五軸後處理數學模組...35
3.3刀軸向量計算...37
3.4尤拉角(Euler angles)轉換矩陣...38
3.5尤拉角反轉換...39
3.6車銑應用銑床加工之數學模組...42
3.7加工程序單...46
3.8程式介面介紹...48
3.8.1五軸後處理程式介面...50
3.8.2車銑後處理程式介面...51
3.8.3加工程序單程式介面...52
第四章 結果與討論...53
4.1五軸測試件加工...53
4.1.1五軸測試件粗加工...53
4.1.2五軸測試件中加工...54
4.1.3五軸測試件斜面精加工...55
4.1.4五軸測試件半球體精加工及文字雕刻...58
4.1.5五軸後處理轉換介面...61
4.2刀軸向量驗證...66
4.3車銑測試件加工...68
4.3.1車銑測試件粗加工...68
4.3.2車銑測試件精車...69
4.3.3車銑測試件之C軸端面銑削...70
4.3.4車銑測試件曲面挖槽...72
4.3.5車銑後處理轉換介面...74
4.4 VERICUT模擬... 77
4.4.1五軸測試件VERICUT驗證...78
4.4.2五軸測試件 Auto-diff驗證...82
4.4.3車銑測試件VERICUT驗證...85
4.4.4車銑測試件 Auto-diff驗證...89
4.5加工程序單...91
4.6實際加工應用...97
4.6.1五軸測試件之實際加工應用...97
4.6.2車銑測試件之實際加工應用...98
第五章 結論與未來展望...100
5.1結論...100
5.2未來展望...102
參考文獻...103
附錄一...107
Extended Abstract...109

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