臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了有效平衡串聯電池組，本論文提出了一種雙向順向式轉換器的架構，配合充放電開關的控制，來讓四串磷酸鋰鐵電池組達到平衡。有鑑於以往主動平衡採用純電容及電感的方式效能並不理想，而效率較佳的方式是採用多重繞組變壓器的方法，但這會導致當串聯電池變多時，變壓器的體積會十分龐大。本文轉換器使用主動箝位及同步整流技術，配合開關的控制，可以達到零電壓切換的效果，來藉此提升效率。因此不論應用在多少顆串聯電池組上，整體大小並不會因此而變得龐大，如此一來就可以縮小體積。
在電池組進行平衡時，轉換器一共有兩種不同的模式，分別為單電池放電模式與電池組放電模式，而兩種模式都是採取定電流的方式對單電池去進行平衡。在電池殘電量估測的部分，本文將查表法與庫倫積分法做結合，同時利用雙向電流感測器做為庫倫積分法的依據。

In order to effectively balance the series battery pack, this paper proposes a bidirectional forward converter architecture, with the control of the charge and discharge switch to balance the four-cells lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery pack. In view of the previous performance of the active balance method using pure capacitors and inductors is not ideal, and the more efficient way is to use the low-voltage side multi-winding method of the transformer, but when the series battery is increased, this method will cause the transformer to become very bulky. In this paper, the converter adopts active clamping and synchronous rectification technology, combined with the control of the switch, can achieve the effect of zero voltage switching, thereby improving efficiency. Therefore, no matter how many series of battery packs are used, the overall size will not become so large, so the volume will be reduced.
When the battery pack is balanced, the converter has two different modes, namely the cell discharge mode and the battery pack discharge mode, and the two modes are balanced by the constant current. This paper uses the look-up table method combined with the Coulomb integral method to estimate the state of charge (SOC) of the battery, and uses the bidirectional current sensor as the basis of the Coulomb integral method.

摘要........i
Abstract........ii
誌謝........iii
目錄........iv
表目錄........vi
圖目錄........vii
第一章 緒論........1
1.1 研究動機與目的........1
1.2 研究方法........1
1.3 論文大綱........2
第二章 鋰電池特性與平衡方法介紹........3
2.1 鋰電池簡介........3
2.2 鋰電池平衡方法介紹........4
2.2.1 被動式平衡原理介紹........4
2.2.2 主動式平衡原理介紹........5
2.3 電池殘電量估測方法介紹........7
第三章 鋰電池平衡電路設計........16
3.1 系統與電路架構........16
3.2 充放電開關控制方式........17
3.3 電壓檢測........18
3.4 電流檢測........21
3.5 溫度保護電路........22
3.6 殘電量估算方法........23
3.7 平衡系統控制機制........25
第四章 雙向順向式轉換器架構及分析........27
4.1 主動箝位電路介紹........27
4.1.1 前言........27
4.1.2 主動箝位電路的種類........27
4.2 雙向順向式轉換器架構........29
4.2.1 電池組放電模式動作原理及分析........30
4.2.2 單電池放電模式動作原理及分析........39
4.3 雙向順向式轉換器電路參數設計........46
4.3.1 變壓器設計........46
4.3.2 漏電感與箝位電容設計........46
4.3.3 功率開關設計........47
4.3.4 低壓側電感設計........48
4.3.5 高低壓側電容設計........48
第五章 實驗結果與分析........49
5.1 鋰鐵電池及平衡電路規格........49
5.2 雙向順向式轉換器波形驗證........51
5.2.1 電池組放電模式........51
5.2.2 單電池放電模式........54
5.3 電池組平衡結果........57
第六章 結論與未來展望........59
6.1 結論........59
6.2 未來展望........59
參考文獻........60
Extended Abstract........62

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